Vector lớp

pay <- function(x) UseMethod("pay")
pay.employee <- function(x) x$salary / 12
m <- structure(list(name = "Ada", salary = 60000), class = c("manager", "employee"))
print(class(m))
print(pay(m))

[1] "manager"  "employee"
[1] 5000

new_employee <- function(name, salary, ..., class = character()) {
  structure(list(name = name, salary = salary, ...), class = c(class, "employee"))
}
new_manager <- function(name, salary, reports) {
  new_employee(name, salary, reports = reports, class = "manager")
}
m <- new_manager("Ada", 60000, 4)
print(class(m))
print(names(m))

[1] "manager"  "employee"
[1] "name"    "salary"  "reports"

new_employee <- function(name, salary, ..., class = character()) {
  structure(list(name = name, salary = salary, ...), class = c(class, "employee"))
}
e <- new_employee("Bo", 40000)
print(class(e))
print(names(e))

[1] "employee"
[1] "name"   "salary"

title <- function(x) UseMethod("title")
title.employee <- function(x) "employee"
title.manager <- function(x) "manager"
right <- structure(list(), class = c("manager", "employee"))
wrong <- structure(list(), class = c("employee", "manager"))
print(title(right))
print(title(wrong))

[1] "manager"
[1] "employee"