نظام مصرفي
جزء من قسم البرمجة كائنية التوجه في رحلة Python على Coddy. الدرس 62 من 64.
التحدي
صعبفي هذا التحدي، ستبني نظامًا مصرفيًا يضم أنواعًا متعددة من الحسابات والمعاملات ومديرًا مصرفيًا مركزيًا.
نفّذ النظام المصرفي من خلال إكمال عناصر TODO في هذه الملفات:
transaction.py- فئةTransactionلتسجيل الأنشطة الماليةaccount.py- الفئة الأساسية المجردةAccountالتي تتضمن الوظائف المشتركةsavingsaccount.py- تنفيذSavingsAccountمع الفائدة والحد الأدنى للرصيدcheckingaccount.py- تنفيذCheckingAccountمع إمكانات السحب على المكشوفbank.py- فئةBankلإدارة الحسابات والتحويلات
جرّب بنفسك
from transaction import Transaction
from account import Account
from savingsaccount import SavingsAccount
from checkingaccount import CheckingAccount
from bank import Bank
# Comprehensive test case handler covering all scenarios and edge cases
test_case = input()
if test_case == "transaction_class":
# Test Transaction class
transaction = Transaction("deposit", 100.50, None)
print(str(transaction))
transaction = Transaction("withdrawal", 75.25, None)
print(str(transaction))
elif test_case == "account_deposit":
# اختبار وظيفة الإيداع
savings = SavingsAccount("S123", "John Doe", 500)
# مبلغ موجب
success, message = savings.deposit(200)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
print(f"Balance: ${savings.get_balance():.2f}")
# مبلغ سالب (يجب أن يفشل)
success, message = savings.deposit(-50)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
elif test_case == "savings_withdraw":
# Test savings account withdrawal
savings = SavingsAccount("S123", "John Doe", 500, min_balance=200)
# سحب صالح
success, message = savings.withdraw(100)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
# غير صالح (أقل من الحد الأدنى للرصيد)
success, message = savings.withdraw(300)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
# مبلغ سالب
success, message = savings.withdraw(-50)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
elif test_case == "checking_withdraw":
# Test checking account withdrawal
checking = CheckingAccount("C123", "Jane Smith", 300, overdraft_limit=200)
# سحب عادي
success, message = checking.withdraw(100)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
# سحب على المكشوف
success, message = checking.withdraw(300)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
# Exceeding overdraft limit
success, message = checking.withdraw(200)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
elif test_case == "interest_application":
# اختبار تطبيق الفائدة
savings = SavingsAccount("S123", "John Doe", 1000, interest_rate=0.05)
success, message = savings.apply_interest()
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
print(f"New Balance: ${savings.get_balance():.2f}")
# Check transaction history
transactions = savings.get_transaction_history()
print(f"Transaction count: {len(transactions)}")
print(f"Last transaction: {transactions[-1]}")
elif test_case == "bank_create_account":
# Test bank account creation
bank = Bank("Test Bank")
# Create a savings account
success, message = bank.create_account("savings", "S123", "John Doe", 1000, interest_rate=0.03)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
# Create a checking account
success, message = bank.create_account("checking", "C456", "Jane Smith", 500, overdraft_limit=300)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
# إنشاء برقم حساب مكرر
success, message = bank.create_account("savings", "S123", "Another Person", 200)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
# إنشاء بنوع غير صالح
success, message = bank.create_account("invalid", "I789", "Test Person", 100)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
elif test_case == "bank_transfer":
# اختبار وظيفة التحويل البنكي
bank = Bank("Transfer Test Bank")
# إنشاء حسابين
bank.create_account("savings", "S123", "John Doe", 1000, min_balance=100)
bank.create_account("checking", "C456", "Jane Smith", 500)
# تحويل صالح
success, message = bank.transfer("S123", "C456", 300)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
print(f"Source balance: ${bank.get_account('S123').get_balance():.2f}")
print(f"Destination balance: ${bank.get_account('C456').get_balance():.2f}")
# تحويل غير صالح (يتجاوز الحد الأدنى للرصيد)
success, message = bank.transfer("S123", "C456", 700)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
# Invalid account
success, message = bank.transfer("NONEXISTENT", "C456", 100)
print(f"Success: {success}")
print(f"Message: {message}")
elif test_case == "full_banking_workflow":
# اختبار سير عمل كامل
bank = Bank("Full Workflow Bank")
# إنشاء الحسابات
bank.create_account("savings", "S123", "John Doe", 1000, interest_rate=0.05, min_balance=200)
bank.create_account("checking", "C456", "Jane Smith", 500, overdraft_limit=250)
# إجراء إيداعات
savings = bank.get_account("S123")
checking = bank.get_account("C456")
savings.deposit(300)
checking.deposit(200)
# إجراء تحويل
bank.transfer("S123", "C456", 400)
# تطبيق الفائدة على التوفير
savings.apply_interest()
# إجراء سحب من الحساب الجاري مع السحب على المكشوف
checking.withdraw(900)
# طباعة الحالة النهائية
print("Final Account States:")
print(f"Savings (S123): ${savings.get_balance():.2f}")
print(f"Checking (C456): ${checking.get_balance():.2f}")
print("\nTransaction History (Savings):")
for transaction in savings.get_transaction_history():
print(f"- {transaction}")
print("\nTransaction History (Checking):")
for transaction in checking.get_transaction_history():
print(f"- {transaction}")
elif test_case == "inheritance_validation_test":
# Comprehensive inheritance validation
objects = []
if 'Transaction' in locals():
objects.append(Transaction('test_param', 100, None))
if 'SavingsAccount' in locals():
objects.append(SavingsAccount('test_param', 'Test User'))
if 'CheckingAccount' in locals():
objects.append(CheckingAccount('test_param', 'Test User'))
if 'Bank' in locals():
objects.append(Bank('test_param'))
for obj in objects:
print(f'{type(obj).__name__}:')
print(f' MRO: {[cls.__name__ for cls in type(obj).__mro__]}')
print()
elif test_case == "method_overriding_test":
# Test method overriding behavior
print('Testing method overriding...')
# إنشاء مثيلات واختبار الدوال المعاد تعريفها
if 'SavingsAccount' in locals():
obj = SavingsAccount('test', 'Test User')
print(f'SavingsAccount methods work correctly')
if 'CheckingAccount' in locals():
obj = CheckingAccount('test', 'Test User')
print(f'CheckingAccount methods work correctly')
elif test_case == "attribute_access_test":
# Test attribute access
print('Testing attribute access...')
if 'Transaction' in locals():
obj = Transaction('test', 100, None)
print(f'Transaction attributes accessible')
if 'SavingsAccount' in locals():
obj = SavingsAccount('test', 'Test User')
print(f'SavingsAccount attributes accessible')
if 'CheckingAccount' in locals():
obj = CheckingAccount('test', 'Test User')
print(f'CheckingAccount attributes accessible')
if 'Bank' in locals():
obj = Bank('test')
print(f'Bank attributes accessible')
elif test_case == "boundary_conditions_test":
# Test boundary conditions and edge values
print('Running boundary_conditions_test test...')
print('Test completed successfully')
elif test_case == "error_handling_test":
# اختبار معالجة الأخطاء وسيناريوهات الاستثناءات
print('Running error_handling_test test...')
print('Test completed successfully')
elif test_case == "polymorphic_behavior_test":
# Test polymorphic behavior with mixed objects
print('Running polymorphic_behavior_test test...')
print('Test completed successfully')
elif test_case == "stress_test":
# اختبار الإجهاد مع كائنات متعددة
import time
start_time = time.time()
objects = []
for i in range(50):
try:
objects.append(Transaction(f'test_{i}', 100, None))
except:
pass # تعامل مع أخطاء الإنشاء بلطف
try:
objects.append(SavingsAccount(f'test_{i}', f'User_{i}'))
except:
pass # تعامل مع أخطاء الإنشاء بلطف
try:
objects.append(CheckingAccount(f'test_{i}', f'User_{i}'))
except:
pass # تعامل مع أخطاء الإنشاء بلطف
try:
objects.append(Bank(f'test_{i}'))
except:
pass # تعامل مع أخطاء الإنشاء بلطف
end_time = time.time()
print(f'Created {len(objects)} objects')
print(f'Time taken: {end_time - start_time:.4f} seconds')
print('Stress test completed')
elif test_case == "comprehensive_validation":
# Comprehensive validation test
print('=== Comprehensive Validation Test ===')
# Test 1: Basic object creation
print('1. Basic Object Creation:')
success_count = 0
classes = ['Transaction', 'SavingsAccount', 'CheckingAccount', 'Bank']
try:
obj = Transaction('test', 100, None)
success_count += 1
print(f' Transaction: Created successfully')
except Exception as e:
print(f' Transaction: Creation failed - {e}')
try:
obj = SavingsAccount('test', 'Test User')
success_count += 1
print(f' SavingsAccount: Created successfully')
except Exception as e:
print(f' SavingsAccount: Creation failed - {e}')
try:
obj = CheckingAccount('test', 'Test User')
success_count += 1
print(f' CheckingAccount: Created successfully')
except Exception as e:
print(f' CheckingAccount: Creation failed - {e}')
try:
obj = Bank('test')
success_count += 1
print(f' Bank: Created successfully')
except Exception as e:
print(f' Bank: Creation failed - {e}')
print(f' Successfully created {success_count}/{len(classes)} classes')
print('=== Validation Complete ===')جميع دروس البرمجة كائنية التوجه
1أساسيات OOP
الملفات الخارجيةمقدمة في OOPClasses مقابل Objectsمعامل selfMethodsAttributesدالة البناء (__init__)مراجعة - آلة حاسبة بسيطة4الوراثة
الوراثة الأساسيةدالة ()superإعادة تعريف الدوال (Method Overriding)الوراثة المتعددةترتيب استدعاء الدوال (Method Resolution Order)مراجعة - هيكلية الموظفين5تعدد الأشكال
مراجعة إعادة تعريف الدوالمفهوم Duck Typingالأصناف والدوال المجردةتصميم الواجهاتملخص - حاسبة الأشكالتدرّب بنفسك: مترجم Python عبر الإنترنت