回顾:学生记录系统
本课属于 Coddy GDScript 学习旅程的“面向对象编程”单元。第 30 课,共 65 课。
挑战
中等用两个类构建一个小型学生记录系统。
Student 在 student.gd 中保存其私有数据:
_init(id, new_name)将 ID 存储在私有变量中,并通过student_namesetter 设置姓名。student_id是只读的,会返回 ID。student_name有一个 setter:如果姓名少于2个字符,就会被拒绝(旧姓名保持不变),并且last_error会变为Name must be at least 2 characters。有效姓名会清空last_error。add_grade(course, grade)会将课程成绩存储在私有字典中(同一门课程的新成绩会替换旧成绩),并返回true。低于0或高于100的成绩不会被存储,并会返回false。average是只读的计算属性:返回成绩的平均值,类型为float;没有成绩时返回0.0。course_count()返回有成绩的课程数量。
StudentRegistry 在 student_registry.gd 中将学生存储在私有字典中,并以 ID 作为键:
add_student(student)在 ID 已被占用时返回false,且不做任何更改;否则存储该学生并返回true。remove_student(id)返回是否移除了学生。get_student(id)返回该学生,若没有则返回null。top_student()返回平均成绩最高的学生(平均成绩并列时返回先添加的学生);注册表为空时返回null。get_ids()按学生添加的顺序返回 ID。
提供的代码会读取命令数量,然后逐行运行一条命令:add ID NAME、grade ID COURSE GRADE、rename ID NAME、remove ID、show ID、tamper ID(尝试覆盖 student_id 和 average,它们必须保持不变)、top 和 list。对于以下输入:
10
add 1001 Alice Smith
add 1002 Bob
grade 1001 Math 90
grade 1001 Art 85
grade 1002 Math 95
grade 1002 Art 120
rename 1002 B
show 1002
top
list输出为:
Added Alice Smith (1001)
Added Bob (1002)
Alice Smith: Math = 90
Alice Smith: Art = 85
Bob: Math = 95
Invalid grade: 120
Rejected: Name must be at least 2 characters
ID: 1002, Name: Bob, Courses: 1, Average: 95.00
Top: Bob (95.00)
ID: 1001, Name: Alice Smith, Courses: 2, Average: 87.50
ID: 1002, Name: Bob, Courses: 1, Average: 95.00请将代码写入 student.gd 和 student_registry.gd。main.gd 包含提供的输入/输出代码,不能编辑。
亲手试试
extends Node
func _ready():
# 提供的输入输出代码:保持原样
var registry := StudentRegistry.new()
var count := int(OS.read_string_from_stdin())
for i in count:
var parts := OS.read_string_from_stdin().split(" ", true, 2)
var command := parts[0]
if command == "top":
var best := registry.top_student()
if best == null:
print("Top: none")
else:
print("Top: %s (%.2f)" % [best.student_name, best.average])
continue
if command == "list":
for listed_id in registry.get_ids():
print_student(registry.get_student(listed_id))
continue
var id := int(parts[1])
if command == "add":
var student := Student.new(id, parts[2])
if student.last_error != "":
print("Rejected: " + student.last_error)
elif registry.add_student(student):
print("Added %s (%d)" % [student.student_name, id])
else:
print("Duplicate ID: %d" % id)
continue
if command == "remove":
print(("Removed %d" if registry.remove_student(id) else "No student %d") % id)
continue
var student := registry.get_student(id)
if student == null:
print("No student %d" % id)
elif command == "grade":
var grade_parts := parts[2].split(" ")
if student.add_grade(grade_parts[0], int(grade_parts[1])):
print("%s: %s = %s" % [student.student_name, grade_parts[0], grade_parts[1]])
else:
print("Invalid grade: " + grade_parts[1])
elif command == "rename":
student.student_name = parts[2]
if student.last_error != "":
print("Rejected: " + student.last_error)
else:
print("Renamed to " + student.student_name)
elif command == "tamper":
# 尝试覆盖只读属性
student.student_id = 0
student.average = 100.0
print_student(student)
else:
print_student(student)
func print_student(student: Student) -> void:
print("ID: %d, Name: %s, Courses: %d, Average: %.2f" % [student.student_id, student.student_name, student.course_count(), student.average])
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