Perintah Git

Referensi praktis untuk perintah Git yang kamu pakai setiap hari: membuat branch, membatalkan perubahan, merge dan rebase, serta sinkronisasi dengan remote. Setiap perintah dilengkapi sintaks, flag yang penting, dan contoh siap salin yang bisa kamu jalankan langsung di playground terminal.

Lebih suka satu halaman yang bisa dicetak? Lihat cheat sheet Git.

Setup & Konfigurasi

Mulai repositori dan konfigurasikan Git: init, config, remote.

git initCreate a new Git repository in the current folder.git remoteList, add, rename, and change the remote repositories your repo points at.git submoduleEmbed one repository inside another and keep it pinned to a specific commit.git cloneCopy a remote repository, with all its history, to your machine.git clone branchClone only a specific branch of a repository, or a single branch only.git configSet your name, email, editor, and other Git settings - globally or per repo.

Staging & Commit

Rekam perubahan ke dalam riwayat: add, commit, dan amend.

git commitRecord staged changes into the project history with a message.git commit --amendFix the most recent commit - change its message or add forgotten files.git addStage changes for the next commit - a file, everything, or selected chunks.

Branch

Buat, pindah, ganti nama, dan hapus branch untuk mengerjakan perubahan secara terpisah.

git delete local branchDelete a local branch once its work is merged - and force-delete when it is not.git rename branchRename the branch you are on, or any other branch, locally and on the remote.git create branchCreate a new branch and switch to it, from the current commit or any starting point.git checkoutSwitch branches, restore files, or check out a specific commit.git checkout remote branchFetch and check out a branch that exists on the remote but not yet locally.git branchList, create, rename, and delete branches - the core branch command.git worktreeCheck out multiple branches at once in separate working directories.

Membatalkan Perubahan

Pulihkan dari kesalahan: reset, revert, dan batalkan commit dengan aman.

git undo commitUndo any commit - an older one, several at once, or one that is already pushed.git resetMove HEAD and choose what happens to the index and working tree: --soft, --mixed, --hard.git revertUndo a commit safely by adding a new commit that reverses it - the right choice for pushed history.git undo last commitUndo just the most recent commit - keep the work, discard it, or reverse it if it was pushed.git reset --hardForce your branch and working tree back to a commit, discarding all changes since it.git stashShelve your uncommitted changes so you can switch context, then reapply them later.git reflogSee everywhere HEAD has been - and recover commits you thought were lost.

Merge & Rebase

Gabungkan pekerjaan dari dua branch dengan merge, rebase, squash, dan cherry-pick.

git rebase vs mergeTwo ways to combine branches: a merge commit that preserves history, or a linear replay.git squash commitsCombine several commits into one with interactive rebase for a clean history.git abort mergeCancel a merge in progress and return the branch to the state before you started.git cherry-pickApply a specific commit from one branch onto another, without merging the whole branch.git mergeCombine another branch into your current one, with or without a merge commit.git rebaseReplay your commits on top of another branch for a clean, linear history.

Remote

Sinkronkan repo lokalmu dengan remote seperti GitHub: push, pull, fetch.

git fetch vs pullThe difference between downloading remote changes and downloading-and-merging them.git force pushOverwrite the remote branch with your local history - and do it safely with --force-with-lease.git pullDownload remote changes and merge them into your current branch in one step.git pushUpload your commits to a remote and set the upstream branch.git delete remote branchDelete a branch on the remote (GitHub) once it is merged - and locally too.git set upstreamLink a local branch to a remote branch so push and pull need no arguments.git pull remote branchPull changes from a specific remote branch into your current branch.

Inspeksi & Pembersihan

Lihat apa yang berubah dan bersihkan working tree: status, log, diff, clean.

git remove untracked filesClean untracked files and directories out of the working tree with git clean.git tagMark a commit with a version tag, and push tags to the remote.git statusSee which files are staged, modified, or untracked in your working tree.git diffSee exactly what changed - unstaged, staged, between commits or branches.git bisectBinary-search your history to find the commit that introduced a bug.git logBrowse commit history, with a compact one-line and graph view.

Membatalkan perubahan: perintah yang mana?

Empat perintah membatalkan pekerjaan dengan cara yang berbeda. Pilih berdasarkan apa yang ingin kamu pertahankan dan apakah commit-nya sudah di-push:

git reset memindahkan branch-mu mundur dan menulis ulang riwayat. Paling cocok untuk commit lokal yang belum di-push.
git revert menambahkan commit baru yang membatalkan commit sebelumnya. Pilihan aman untuk commit yang sudah di-pull orang lain.
git checkout berpindah branch atau mengembalikan file ke versi sebelumnya.
git stash menyisihkan perubahan tanpa commit, lalu menerapkannya lagi nanti.