Perhitungan sederhana

Pelajaran 21 dari 29 dalam kursus Proyek kalkulator dengan Python di Coddy.

Kita sudah selesai dengan fungsi pembantu!

Sekarang mari kita buat fungsi parse yang sebenarnya. Tujuan fungsi ini adalah mendapatkan string dan menguraikannya ke dalam format terstruktur yang akan diterima oleh eval.

Tantangan

Mudah

Buat fungsi parse yang menerima string dan mengembalikan format terstruktur.

Kali ini kita hanya akan menangani perhitungan sederhana dengan satu operator.

Contoh:

parse('1+2') -> ['+', 1, 2]
parse(' 3* 5') -> ['*', 3, 5]
parse('3 pow 2.5') -> ['pow', 3, 2.5]

Manfaatkan fungsi get_next dan struct.

Ingat, sebelum melakukan hal lainnya, kamu harus menghapus semua spasi!

Coba sendiri

def calc(op, n1, n2=None):
    if not isinstance(n1, int) and not isinstance(n1, float):
        raise Exception('Invalid number "' + str(n1) + '"')

    if n2 is None:
        if op == '+' or op == 'add':
            return n1
        if op == '-' or op == 'sub':
            return -n1

        raise Exception('Invalid operator "' + op + '"')

    if not isinstance(n2, int) and not isinstance(n2, float):
        raise Exception('Invalid number "' + str(n2) + '"')

    if op == '+' or op == 'add':
        return n1 + n2
    if op == '-' or op == 'sub':
        return n1 - n2
    if op == '*' or op == 'mul':
        return n1 * n2
    if op == '/' or op == 'div':
        if n2 == 0:
            raise Exception("Division by zero")
        return n1 / n2
    if op == '%' or op == 'mod':
        if n2 == 0:
            raise Exception("Division by zero")
        return n1 % n2
    if op == '^' or op == 'pow':
        return n1 ** n2

    raise Exception('Invalid operator "' + op + '"')


def eval(lst):
    if not isinstance(lst, list):
        raise Exception('Failed to evaluate "' + str(lst) + '"')
    if len(lst) == 2:
        op = lst[0]
        n = lst[1]
        if not isinstance(n, list):
            return calc(op, n)

        if isinstance(n, list):
            n = eval(n)

        return calc(op, n)
    elif len(lst) == 3:
        op = lst[0]
        n1 = lst[1]
        n2 = lst[2]
        if not isinstance(n1, list) and not isinstance(n2, list):
            return calc(op, n1, n2)
        
        if isinstance(n1, list):
            n1 = eval(n1)
        if isinstance(n2, list):
            n2 = eval(n2)

        return calc(op, n1, n2)
    else:
        raise Exception('Failed to evaluate "' + str(lst) + '"')


LEVEL_TWO_OPERATORS = ['+', '-', 'add', 'sub']
LEVEL_ONE_OPERATORS = ['*', '/', '%', 'mul', 'div', 'mod']
FUNCTIONS_OPERATORS = ['^', 'pow']
def struct(lst):
    if not isinstance(lst, list) or len(lst) <= 1:
        raise Exception('Failed to structure "' + str(lst) + '"')

    if len(lst) == 2:
        return lst

    lst_cpy = lst
    operators_groups = [FUNCTIONS_OPERATORS, LEVEL_ONE_OPERATORS, LEVEL_TWO_OPERATORS]
    for operators_group in operators_groups:
        i = 0
        while i < len(lst):
            if lst[i] in operators_group:
                if len(lst) - 1 == i:
                    raise Exception('Failed to structure "' + str(lst_cpy) + '"')
                if len(lst) == 3:
                    return [lst[i], lst[i - 1], lst[i + 1]]
                temp = lst[:i - 1]
                temp.append([lst[i], lst[i - 1], lst[i + 1]])
                temp += lst[i + 2:]
                lst = temp
            else:
                i += 1

    return lst


NUMBERS = ['0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9']
def get_next(s, i):
    if i >= len(s):
        raise Exception('End of string')
    res = ''
    if s[i] in NUMBERS or s[i] == '.':
        is_float = False
        while i < len(s) and (s[i] in NUMBERS or s[i] == '.'):
            res += s[i]
            if s[i] == '.':
                is_float = True
            i += 1

        if is_float:
            return float(res)
        return int(res)
    else:
        while i < len(s) and not (s[i] in NUMBERS or s[i] == '.'):
            res += s[i]
            i += 1

        return res