Percikan di Setiap Benturan

Termasuk bagian Suara dan Sensasi Bermain dalam perjalanan Pygame di Coddy. Pelajaran 21 dari 23.

Musuh yang meledak seharusnya terasa seperti ledakan. Mulailah dengan percikan: semburan partikel di tempat musuh tadi berada.

Semburan terjadi di dua tempat, saat terkena laser dan saat tabrakan, jadi letakkan semburannya dalam sebuah fungsi:

def burst(center):
    for i in range(16):
        particles.append({"x": center[0], "y": center[1],
                          "vx": random.uniform(-4, 4), "vy": random.uniform(-4, 4),
                          "life": random.randint(15, 30)})

Fungsi ini hanya membuat percikan. Menggerakkannya adalah tugas setiap frame, seperti di bab Particles: gerakkan setiap partikel, kurangi nilai life-nya, dan pertahankan hanya partikel yang masih hidup.

Lakukan itu di dekat explosions.update(), di luar if lives > 0 .... Tabrakan yang mengakhiri permainan juga menghasilkan semburan, dan percikannya harus tetap melesat setelah Game over. Gambar percikan setelah ledakan agar percikan berada di atasnya.

Tantangan

Sedang

Sebelum perulangan, buat particles = [].
Tulis burst(center): 16 partikel di center, vx dan vy dari random.uniform(-4, 4), life dari random.randint(15, 30).
Panggil burst(enemy.rect.center) saat laser menghancurkan musuh dan saat musuh menabrak kapal.
Di samping explosions.update(), gerakkan partikel, kurangi masa hidupnya, lalu hapus partikel yang sudah mati.
Setelah ledakan, gambar setiap partikel sebagai lingkaran oranye (255, 170, 60) dengan radius life // 10 + 1.

Coba sendiri

import random
import pygame

pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((640, 480))
pygame.display.set_caption("Star Patrol")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 32)

ship_image = pygame.image.load("assets/images/ship.png").convert_alpha()
laser_image = pygame.image.load("assets/images/laser.png").convert_alpha()
red_image = pygame.image.load("assets/images/enemy_red.png").convert_alpha()
green_image = pygame.image.load("assets/images/enemy_green.png").convert_alpha()
yellow_image = pygame.image.load("assets/images/enemy_yellow.png").convert_alpha()
explosion_frames = []
for number in range(1, 5):
    explosion_frames.append(pygame.image.load(f"assets/images/explosion_{number}.png").convert_alpha())

laser_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("assets/sounds/laser.ogg")
laser_sound.set_volume(0.4)
explosion_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("assets/sounds/explosion.ogg")
hit_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("assets/sounds/hit.ogg")

WAVES = [(red_image, 6, 2), (green_image, 8, 2), (yellow_image, 10, 3)]


class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.image = ship_image
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(midbottom=(320, 470))
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image)

    def update(self):
        keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
            self.rect.x -= 6
        if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
            self.rect.x += 6
        self.rect.clamp_ip(screen.get_rect())


class Laser(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        super().__init__()
        self.image = laser_image
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(midbottom=(x, y))
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image)

    def update(self):
        self.rect.y -= 10
        if self.rect.bottom < 0:
            self.kill()


class Enemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, image, x, y, speed):
        super().__init__()
        self.image = image
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=(x, y))
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image)
        self.speed = speed

    def update(self):
        self.rect.y += self.speed


class Explosion(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, center):
        super().__init__()
        self.index = 0
        self.timer = 0
        self.image = explosion_frames[0]
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=center)

    def update(self):
        self.timer += 1
        if self.timer == 5:
            self.timer = 0
            self.index += 1
            if self.index == len(explosion_frames):
                self.kill()
            else:
                self.image = explosion_frames[self.index]


def play_music(path, loops=-1):
    pygame.mixer.music.load(path)
    pygame.mixer.music.play(loops)


def spawn_wave(image, count, speed):
    for i in range(count):
        x = random.randint(40, 600)
        enemies.add(Enemy(image, x, -40 - i * 120, speed))


player = Player()
lasers = pygame.sprite.Group()
enemies = pygame.sprite.Group()
explosions = pygame.sprite.Group()
last_shot = 0
score = 0
lives = 3
wave = 0
image, count, speed = WAVES[wave]
spawn_wave(image, count, speed)
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.5)
play_music("assets/music/level.ogg")

running = True
while running:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False

    if lives > 0 and wave < len(WAVES):
        player.update()
        keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        now = pygame.time.get_ticks()
        if keys[pygame.K_SPACE] and now - last_shot >= 250:
            lasers.add(Laser(player.rect.centerx, player.rect.top))
            last_shot = now
            laser_sound.play()
        lasers.update()
        enemies.update()
        for enemy in enemies:
            if enemy.rect.top > 480:
                enemy.kill()
                lives -= 1
                hit_sound.play()
        hits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(enemies, lasers, True, True, pygame.sprite.collide_mask)
        for enemy in hits:
            score += 10
            explosion_sound.play()
            explosions.add(Explosion(enemy.rect.center))
        crashes = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, enemies, True, pygame.sprite.collide_mask)
        for enemy in crashes:
            lives -= 1
            hit_sound.play()
            explosions.add(Explosion(enemy.rect.center))
        if not enemies:
            wave += 1
            if wave < len(WAVES):
                image, count, speed = WAVES[wave]
                spawn_wave(image, count, speed)
            else:
                play_music("assets/music/win.ogg", 0)
        if lives <= 0:
            play_music("assets/music/lose.ogg", 0)
    explosions.update()

    screen.fill((12, 14, 30))
    enemies.draw(screen)
    lasers.draw(screen)
    screen.blit(player.image, player.rect)
    explosions.draw(screen)
    score_text = font.render(f"Score: {score}", True, (240, 240, 240))
    screen.blit(score_text, (10, 10))
    lives_text = font.render(f"Lives: {max(lives, 0)}", True, (240, 240, 240))
    screen.blit(lives_text, lives_text.get_rect(topright=(630, 10)))
    if wave < len(WAVES):
        wave_text = font.render(f"Wave {wave + 1}", True, (240, 240, 240))
        screen.blit(wave_text, wave_text.get_rect(midtop=(320, 10)))
    if lives <= 0:
        message = font.render("Game over", True, (240, 240, 240))
        screen.blit(message, message.get_rect(center=(320, 240)))
    elif wave == len(WAVES):
        message = font.render("You win!", True, (240, 240, 240))
        screen.blit(message, message.get_rect(center=(320, 240)))
    pygame.display.flip()
    clock.tick(60)

pygame.quit()