Suara Patroli Bintang

Termasuk bagian Suara dan Sensasi Bermain dalam perjalanan Pygame di Coddy. Pelajaran 20 dari 23.

Star Patrol dari bagian 3 sudah berfungsi, tetapi tidak bersuara. Bab ini menambahkan suara dan nuansa dari bagian ini, dimulai dengan efek suara dan musik.

Setiap suara sesuai dengan momen yang sudah memiliki baris kode di dalam game:

laser ditambahkan: laser.ogg, pelan, karena diputar beberapa kali per detik;
laser menghancurkan musuh: explosion.ogg;
nyawa hilang, di kedua tempat: hit.ogg.

Musik mengikuti keadaan game. level.ogg berulang dari awal. Musik kemenangan dimulai saat gelombang terakhir berhasil dituntaskan:

if not enemies:
    wave += 1
    if wave < len(WAVES):
        ...
    else:
        play_music("assets/music/win.ogg", 0)
if lives <= 0:
    play_music("assets/music/lose.ogg", 0)

Kedua baris berada di dalam update, yang hanya berjalan saat game aktif. Pada frame saat game berakhir, keduanya dijalankan sekali. Mulai frame berikutnya, update dilewati, jadi musik tidak dimulai lagi.

Tantangan

Sedang

Muat laser.ogg (volume 0.4), explosion.ogg, dan hit.ogg dari assets/sounds/ sebelum perulangan.
Putar suara laser saat laser ditambahkan, suara ledakan saat laser menghancurkan musuh, dan suara benturan di kedua tempat saat nyawa berkurang.
Tulis play_music(path, loops=-1) dan mulai assets/music/level.ogg sebelum perulangan dengan volume musik 0.5.
Putar win.ogg sekali saat gelombang terakhir selesai dan lose.ogg sekali saat nyawa habis, dari assets/music/.

Coba sendiri

import random
import pygame

pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((640, 480))
pygame.display.set_caption("Star Patrol")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 32)

ship_image = pygame.image.load("assets/images/ship.png").convert_alpha()
laser_image = pygame.image.load("assets/images/laser.png").convert_alpha()
red_image = pygame.image.load("assets/images/enemy_red.png").convert_alpha()
green_image = pygame.image.load("assets/images/enemy_green.png").convert_alpha()
yellow_image = pygame.image.load("assets/images/enemy_yellow.png").convert_alpha()
explosion_frames = []
for number in range(1, 5):
    explosion_frames.append(pygame.image.load(f"assets/images/explosion_{number}.png").convert_alpha())

WAVES = [(red_image, 6, 2), (green_image, 8, 2), (yellow_image, 10, 3)]


class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.image = ship_image
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(midbottom=(320, 470))
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image)

    def update(self):
        keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
            self.rect.x -= 6
        if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
            self.rect.x += 6
        self.rect.clamp_ip(screen.get_rect())


class Laser(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        super().__init__()
        self.image = laser_image
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(midbottom=(x, y))
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image)

    def update(self):
        self.rect.y -= 10
        if self.rect.bottom < 0:
            self.kill()


class Enemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, image, x, y, speed):
        super().__init__()
        self.image = image
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=(x, y))
        self.mask = pygame.mask.from_surface(self.image)
        self.speed = speed

    def update(self):
        self.rect.y += self.speed


class Explosion(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, center):
        super().__init__()
        self.index = 0
        self.timer = 0
        self.image = explosion_frames[0]
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=center)

    def update(self):
        self.timer += 1
        if self.timer == 5:
            self.timer = 0
            self.index += 1
            if self.index == len(explosion_frames):
                self.kill()
            else:
                self.image = explosion_frames[self.index]


def spawn_wave(image, count, speed):
    for i in range(count):
        x = random.randint(40, 600)
        enemies.add(Enemy(image, x, -40 - i * 120, speed))


player = Player()
lasers = pygame.sprite.Group()
enemies = pygame.sprite.Group()
explosions = pygame.sprite.Group()
last_shot = 0
score = 0
lives = 3
wave = 0
image, count, speed = WAVES[wave]
spawn_wave(image, count, speed)

running = True
while running:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False

    if lives > 0 and wave < len(WAVES):
        player.update()
        keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        now = pygame.time.get_ticks()
        if keys[pygame.K_SPACE] and now - last_shot >= 250:
            lasers.add(Laser(player.rect.centerx, player.rect.top))
            last_shot = now
        lasers.update()
        enemies.update()
        for enemy in enemies:
            if enemy.rect.top > 480:
                enemy.kill()
                lives -= 1
        hits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(enemies, lasers, True, True, pygame.sprite.collide_mask)
        for enemy in hits:
            score += 10
            explosions.add(Explosion(enemy.rect.center))
        crashes = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, enemies, True, pygame.sprite.collide_mask)
        for enemy in crashes:
            lives -= 1
            explosions.add(Explosion(enemy.rect.center))
        if not enemies:
            wave += 1
            if wave < len(WAVES):
                image, count, speed = WAVES[wave]
                spawn_wave(image, count, speed)
    explosions.update()

    screen.fill((12, 14, 30))
    enemies.draw(screen)
    lasers.draw(screen)
    screen.blit(player.image, player.rect)
    explosions.draw(screen)
    score_text = font.render(f"Score: {score}", True, (240, 240, 240))
    screen.blit(score_text, (10, 10))
    lives_text = font.render(f"Lives: {max(lives, 0)}", True, (240, 240, 240))
    screen.blit(lives_text, lives_text.get_rect(topright=(630, 10)))
    if wave < len(WAVES):
        wave_text = font.render(f"Wave {wave + 1}", True, (240, 240, 240))
        screen.blit(wave_text, wave_text.get_rect(midtop=(320, 10)))
    if lives <= 0:
        message = font.render("Game over", True, (240, 240, 240))
        screen.blit(message, message.get_rect(center=(320, 240)))
    elif wave == len(WAVES):
        message = font.render("You win!", True, (240, 240, 240))
        screen.blit(message, message.get_rect(center=(320, 240)))
    pygame.display.flip()
    clock.tick(60)

pygame.quit()