测验：进度条

本课属于 Coddy Flutter 学习旅程的“项目”单元。第 15 课，共 36 课。

“5 题中的第 3 题”告诉你当前的位置。随着进度推进而填满的进度条能让你一眼看出进度。这就是带有一个从 0（空）到 1（满）的 value 的 LinearProgressIndicator。

如果没有 value，进度条就会永远来回滑动，就像应用显示正在加载时那样。有了 value，它就会显示当前进度：

LinearProgressIndicator(
  value: (_index + 1) / questions.length,
  minHeight: 8,
  borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(4),
)

在第一题时，进度是 1 / 5，也就是进度条的五分之一；在最后一题时，进度是 5 / 5，也就是整个进度条。Dart 中的 / 总是返回一个 double，所以 1 / 5 的结果是 0.2，而不是 0。

minHeight 会让进度条比默认的 4 像素更粗，而 borderRadius 会将进度条两端变圆，使其与按钮的样式一致。

挑战

简单

在 Question 1 of 5 下方留出 8 像素的间距，然后添加一个 LinearProgressIndicator：

第 1 题时进度条填充五分之一，第 5 题时填满
粗 8 像素，末端圆角半径为 4 像素

题目前保留 24 像素的间距。

亲手试试

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(const MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,
      theme: ThemeData(
        colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(seedColor: Colors.deepPurple),
      ),
      home: const QuizScreen(),
    );
  }
}

class Question {
  const Question(this.text, this.answers, this.correct);

  final String text;
  final List<String> answers;
  final int correct;
}

const List<Question> questions = [
  Question('Which widget stacks its children from top to bottom?', ['Row', 'Column', 'Stack', 'Wrap'], 1),
  Question('Which language do you write Flutter apps in?', ['Kotlin', 'Swift', 'Dart', 'JavaScript'], 2),
  Question('What does setState do?', ['Rebuilds the widget', 'Saves the app', 'Closes the screen', 'Plays a sound'], 0),
  Question('Which widget shows a list you can scroll?', ['Container', 'SizedBox', 'Padding', 'ListView'], 3),
  Question('Which widget adds space around its child?', ['Padding', 'Center', 'Icon', 'Text'], 0),
];

class QuizScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  const QuizScreen({super.key});

  @override
  State<QuizScreen> createState() => _QuizScreenState();
}

class _QuizScreenState extends State<QuizScreen> {
  int _index = 0;
  int? _picked;
  int _score = 0;

  Question get _question => questions[_index];
  bool get _answered => _picked != null;
  bool get _isLast => _index == questions.length - 1;

  void _pick(int answer) {
    if (_answered) return;
    setState(() {
      _picked = answer;
      if (answer == _question.correct) {
        _score++;
      }
    });
  }

  void _next() {
    setState(() {
      _index++;
      _picked = null;
    });
  }

  Color? _colorFor(int answer) {
    if (!_answered) return null;
    if (answer == _question.correct) return Colors.green;
    if (answer == _picked) return Colors.red;
    return null;
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    final question = _question;
    final textTheme = Theme.of(context).textTheme;
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text('Flutter Quiz'),
        actions: [
          Padding(
            padding: const EdgeInsets.only(right: 16),
            child: Center(
              child: Text('Score: $_score', style: textTheme.titleMedium),
            ),
          ),
        ],
      ),
      body: Padding(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(24),
        child: Column(
          crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.stretch,
          children: [
            Text(
              'Question ${_index + 1} of ${questions.length}',
              style: textTheme.labelLarge,
            ),
            const SizedBox(height: 24),
            Text(question.text, style: textTheme.headlineSmall),
            const SizedBox(height: 24),
            for (int i = 0; i < question.answers.length; i++)
              Padding(
                padding: const EdgeInsets.only(bottom: 12),
                child: FilledButton.tonal(
                  style: FilledButton.styleFrom(
                    backgroundColor: _colorFor(i),
                    foregroundColor: _colorFor(i) == null ? null : Colors.white,
                    padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
                  ),
                  onPressed: () => _pick(i),
                  child: Text(question.answers[i]),
                ),
              ),
            if (_answered) ...[
              const SizedBox(height: 12),
              Text(
                _picked == question.correct
                    ? 'Correct!'
                    : 'The answer is ${question.answers[question.correct]}',
                textAlign: TextAlign.center,
                style: textTheme.titleMedium,
              ),
              const SizedBox(height: 16),
              if (!_isLast)
                FilledButton(
                  onPressed: _next,
                  child: const Text('Next'),
                ),
            ],
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}