商店:商品网格
本课属于 Coddy Flutter 学习旅程的“项目”单元。第 19 课,共 36 课。
第三个应用是一家小商店:商品网格、每件商品各自的页面、购物车和结账页面。大多数购物应用都采用这种结构,而且这里会再次用到 Provider 和 intl。
商品已包含在起始项目中,每件商品都有名称、价格、图标、颜色和描述。商店会以网格形式展示商品,在手机上每行显示两件:
GridView.count(
crossAxisCount: 2,
padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
mainAxisSpacing: 12,
crossAxisSpacing: 12,
childAspectRatio: 0.8,
children: [for (Product product in products) ProductCard(product: product)],
)childAspectRatio 是宽度除以高度:0.8 会让每张卡片略高于宽,足以放下一张图片和两行文字。
每张卡片都是一个独立的组件 ProductCard,它接收一个 Product。其中,Expanded 瓷砖会填满名称上方的空间。它的颜色是商品颜色中最浅的色调,即 product.color.shade50,上面放着一个完整颜色的图标。这就是 color 是 MaterialColor 的原因:它包含多个色调。
挑战
中等显示商品:
- 编写一个
ProductCard组件,它接收一个required的product - 它是一个
Card(带有clipBehavior: Clip.antiAlias),其中包含一个Column:一个全宽的ExpandedContainer,背景色为product.color.shade50,中间显示商品图标(大小为 56,颜色为product.color),然后以titleMedium样式显示名称,并设置 12 像素的内边距 - 将
Center替换为理论部分介绍的GridView.count
亲手试试
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
void main() {
runApp(const MyApp());
}
class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
const MyApp({super.key});
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return MaterialApp(
debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,
theme: ThemeData(
colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(seedColor: Colors.orange),
),
home: const ShopScreen(),
);
}
}
class Product {
const Product({
required this.name,
required this.price,
required this.icon,
required this.color,
required this.description,
});
final String name;
final double price;
final IconData icon;
final MaterialColor color;
final String description;
}
const List<Product> products = [
Product(
name: 'Headphones',
price: 59,
icon: Icons.headphones,
color: Colors.indigo,
description: 'Wireless headphones with 30 hours of battery.',
),
Product(
name: 'Watch',
price: 129,
icon: Icons.watch,
color: Colors.teal,
description: 'A smart watch that counts your steps.',
),
Product(
name: 'Backpack',
price: 45.5,
icon: Icons.backpack,
color: Colors.orange,
description: 'Room for a laptop, a lunch and a jacket.',
),
Product(
name: 'Mug',
price: 12,
icon: Icons.coffee,
color: Colors.brown,
description: 'Holds a big coffee and keeps it warm.',
),
Product(
name: 'Camera',
price: 1299,
icon: Icons.photo_camera,
color: Colors.blueGrey,
description: 'A mirrorless camera for sharp photos.',
),
Product(
name: 'Sneakers',
price: 89.99,
icon: Icons.directions_run,
color: Colors.red,
description: 'Light running shoes for every day.',
),
];
class ShopScreen extends StatelessWidget {
const ShopScreen({super.key});
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('Coddy Shop')),
body: const Center(
child: Text('Products go here'),
),
);
}
}
这节课包含一个小测验。开始学习即可作答,并记录你的进度。
项目中的所有课
自己练习: Flutter 在线编译器