行走动画循环

本课属于 Coddy Pygame 学习旅程的“游戏世界”单元。第 26 课，共 36 课。

一个只用一张图片滑动的 blob 看起来像是冻住了。资源包里还有第二个姿势，blob_walk.png，它的脚在另一个位置。轮流显示这两个姿势，就能让它走起来。

把两个姿势都放进一个列表，并在精灵中设置一个帧计数器。每次更新时，计数加一，再根据计数选择一个姿势：

self.frames = [blob_img, blob_walk_img]
self.timer = 0
# 在 update 中
self.timer += 1
self.image = self.frames[self.timer // 10 % 2]

self.timer // 10 每 10 帧加一，% 2 会让结果变成 0、1、0、1。每个姿势显示 10 帧，每秒走六步。使用比 10 小的数字，脚就会动得更快。

绘制循环已经会绘制 blob.image，所以只要更改 self.image 就行了。

挑战

简单

用两张图片让 blob 行走。

在 Blob.__init__ 中，设置 self.frames = [blob_img, blob_walk_img] 和 self.timer = 0。
在 update 开始时，将 self.timer 加 1，并设置 self.image = self.frames[self.timer // 10 % 2]。

按“运行”：blob 行走时，脚会动。然后点击“检查”。

亲手试试

import pygame

TILE = 36
SPEED = 4
GRAVITY = 1
JUMP = -15
MAX_FALL = 12

LEVEL = [
    "................",
    "................",
    "................",
    "................",
    "..........####..",
    "................",
    "...####.........",
    "................",
    "#.P............#",
    "################",
]

pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((576, 360))
pygame.display.set_caption("Walk Cycle")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()

background = pygame.image.load("assets/backgrounds/clouds.png").convert_alpha()
block_img = pygame.image.load("assets/images/block.png").convert_alpha()
player_img = pygame.image.load("assets/images/player.png").convert_alpha()
blob_img = pygame.image.load("assets/images/blob.png").convert_alpha()
blob_walk_img = pygame.image.load("assets/images/blob_walk.png").convert_alpha()


class Blob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, midbottom):
        super().__init__()
        self.image = blob_img
        self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 30, 26)
        self.rect.midbottom = midbottom
        self.direction = 1

    def update(self):
        self.rect.x += self.direction
        if self.direction > 0:
            ahead = self.rect.right
        else:
            ahead = self.rect.left - 1
        hit_wall = any(self.rect.colliderect(wall) for wall in walls)
        ground_ahead = any(wall.collidepoint(ahead, self.rect.bottom) for wall in walls)
        if hit_wall or not ground_ahead:
            self.rect.x -= self.direction
            self.direction = -self.direction

walls = []
for row, line in enumerate(LEVEL):
    for col, char in enumerate(line):
        if char == "#":
            walls.append(pygame.Rect(col * TILE, row * TILE, TILE, TILE))
        elif char == "P":
            start = (col * TILE + TILE // 2, row * TILE + TILE)

blobs = pygame.sprite.Group(Blob((432, 144)), Blob((432, 324)))
player = player_img.get_rect(midbottom=start)
vel_y = 0
on_ground = False

running = True
while running:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key in (pygame.K_SPACE, pygame.K_UP):
            if on_ground:
                vel_y = JUMP
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP and event.key in (pygame.K_SPACE, pygame.K_UP):
            if vel_y < -4:
                vel_y = -4

    keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
    dx = 0
    if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
        dx -= SPEED
    if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
        dx += SPEED

    player.x += dx
    for wall in walls:
        if player.colliderect(wall):
            if dx > 0:
                player.right = wall.left
            elif dx < 0:
                player.left = wall.right

    vel_y = min(vel_y + GRAVITY, MAX_FALL)
    player.y += vel_y
    on_ground = False
    for wall in walls:
        if player.colliderect(wall):
            if vel_y > 0:
                player.bottom = wall.top
                on_ground = True
            elif vel_y < 0:
                player.top = wall.bottom
            vel_y = 0

    blobs.update()

    for blob in blobs:
        if player.colliderect(blob.rect):
            if vel_y > 0 and player.bottom < blob.rect.centery:
                blob.kill()
                vel_y = -8
            else:
                player.midbottom = start
                vel_y = 0

    for y in range(0, 360, 72):
        for x in range(0, 576, 72):
            screen.blit(background, (x, y))
    for wall in walls:
        screen.blit(block_img, wall)
    for blob in blobs:
        screen.blit(blob.image, blob.image.get_rect(midbottom=blob.rect.midbottom))
    screen.blit(player_img, player)
    pygame.display.flip()
    clock.tick(60)

pygame.quit()