Tytuł i zagraj ponownie

Lekcja 20 z 20 w kursie Projekt w Pygame: Obrona twierdzy w Coddy.

Te dwa ostatnie elementy sprawiają, że ktoś inny może zacząć grać: ekran tytułowy, który wyjaśnia, co robić, oraz możliwość ponownego rozpoczęcia gry.

Nowa noc zaczyna się teraz w trzecim stanie, "title". Nic się nie porusza, dopóki gracz nie naciśnie spacji, więc najpierw czyta ekran. Po wygranej lub przegranej naciśnięcie spacji tworzy nową instancję Night: wszystkie potwory, klejnoty i liczniki czasu zaczynają od nowa, bo należą do nocy. best znajduje się poza nią, więc rekord pozostaje.

elif night.state in ("won", "lost") and event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
    night = Night()
    night.state = "playing"

Ekran tytułowy wyświetla swoje wiersze jeden pod drugim, a pierwszy — dużymi, złotymi literami. Teraz zagraj: noc trwa cztery minuty. Wybierz ulepszenia pasujące do twojego stylu gry i sprawdź, czy uda ci się utrzymać twierdzę do świtu.

Wyzwanie

Średni

Nowa noc Night zaczyna się od state = "title".
Po naciśnięciu KEYDOWN: w stanie "title" klawisz spacji ustawia "playing"; w stanie "won" lub "lost" klawisz spacji rozpoczyna nową noc i ustawia jej stan na „playing”.
W stanie "title" wyświetl dark_cover i narysuj, wyśrodkowane na x 360, zaczynając od y 150 i w odstępach co 50 pikseli: "Hold the Keep" (złoty, duży), "Survive until dawn. Your weapons fire on their own.", "Arrows to move", "Press Space to start" oraz f"Best night: {clock_text(best)}".
Pod komunikatami końcowymi narysuj "Press Space to play again" w pozycji (360, 350).

Spróbuj swoich sił

import random
import pygame

WIDTH, HEIGHT = 720, 480
TILE = 48
NIGHT = 60 * 60 * 4
BOSS_AT = NIGHT - 60 * 60
WAVES = [
    ["slime"],
    ["slime", "bat"],
    ["slime", "bat", "spider"],
    ["bat", "spider"],
    ["slime", "spider", "ghost"],
    ["bat", "spider", "ghost"],
    ["spider", "ghost"],
    ["bat", "ghost"],
]
UPGRADES = {
    "Quick bolts": "Bolts fire more often",
    "Sharp bolts": "Bolts hit harder",
    "Spinning axe": "One more axe circles you",
    "Swift boots": "You walk faster",
    "Gem magnet": "Gems come from further",
    "Hearty meal": "Get back a heart",
}
WHITE = (240, 240, 240)
BOLT = (120, 200, 255)
GOLD = (250, 200, 60)

pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("Hold the Keep")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
font = pygame.font.Font("assets/fonts/pixel.ttf", 24)
small_font = pygame.font.Font("assets/fonts/pixel.ttf", 16)
big_font = pygame.font.Font("assets/fonts/pixel.ttf", 48)


def load(name):
    return pygame.image.load("assets/images/" + name).convert_alpha()


def sound(name):
    return pygame.mixer.Sound("assets/sounds/" + name)


def whiten(image):
    white = image.copy()
    white.fill((255, 255, 255), special_flags=pygame.BLEND_RGB_MAX)
    return white


floor_img = load("floor.png")
wall_img = load("wall.png")
knight_img = load("knight.png")
axe_img = load("axe.png")
gem_img = load("gem.png")
heart_img = load("heart.png")
empty_img = load("heart_empty.png")
MONSTERS = {
    "slime": {"image": load("slime.png"), "speed": 1.0, "hp": 1, "size": 28},
    "bat": {"image": load("dungeon_bat.png"), "speed": 1.6, "hp": 1, "size": 28},
    "spider": {"image": load("spider.png"), "speed": 1.2, "hp": 3, "size": 28},
    "ghost": {"image": load("ghost.png"), "speed": 0.8, "hp": 4, "size": 28},
    "boss": {"image": pygame.transform.scale(load("ghost.png"), (96, 96)), "speed": 0.7, "hp": 120, "size": 64},
}
hit_sound = sound("hit.ogg")
hurt_sound = sound("thud.ogg")
gem_sound = sound("coin.ogg")
level_sound = sound("powerup.ogg")

courtyard = pygame.Rect(TILE, TILE, WIDTH - 2 * TILE, HEIGHT - 2 * TILE)
background = pygame.Surface((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
for row in range(HEIGHT // TILE):
    for col in range(WIDTH // TILE):
        x = col * TILE
        y = row * TILE
        if courtyard.collidepoint(x, y):
            background.blit(floor_img, (x, y))
        else:
            background.blit(wall_img, (x, y))
cover = pygame.Surface((WIDTH, HEIGHT), pygame.SRCALPHA)
cover.fill((0, 0, 0, 150))
shade = pygame.Surface((WIDTH, HEIGHT), pygame.SRCALPHA)
dark_cover = pygame.Surface((WIDTH, HEIGHT), pygame.SRCALPHA)
dark_cover.fill((0, 0, 0, 210))


def draw(image, center):
    screen.blit(image, image.get_rect(center=center))


def clock_text(frames):
    seconds = frames // 60
    return f"{seconds // 60}:{seconds % 60:02d}"


def edge_point():
    side = random.randint(0, 3)
    if side == 0:
        return (random.randint(0, WIDTH), -24)
    if side == 1:
        return (random.randint(0, WIDTH), HEIGHT + 24)
    if side == 2:
        return (-24, random.randint(0, HEIGHT))
    return (WIDTH + 24, random.randint(0, HEIGHT))


def load_best():
    try:
        with open("best_night.txt") as file:
            return int(file.read())
    except (FileNotFoundError, ValueError):
        return 0


def save_best(frames):
    with open("best_night.txt", "w") as file:
        file.write(str(frames))


class Knight(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.image = knight_img
        self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 24, 24)
        self.rect.center = courtyard.center
        self.speed = 3
        self.hearts = 5
        self.max_hearts = 5
        self.hurt = 0
        self.bolt_wait = 30
        self.bolt_damage = 1
        self.axes = 1
        self.magnet = 80

    def move(self, keys):
        if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
            self.rect.x -= self.speed
        if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
            self.rect.x += self.speed
        if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
            self.rect.y -= self.speed
        if keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:
            self.rect.y += self.speed
        self.rect.clamp_ip(courtyard)


class Monster(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, kind, pos):
        super().__init__()
        self.kind = kind
        self.image = MONSTERS[kind]["image"]
        self.speed = MONSTERS[kind]["speed"]
        self.hp = MONSTERS[kind]["hp"]
        self.axe_wait = 0
        self.flash = 0
        self.pos = pygame.Vector2(pos)
        self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, MONSTERS[kind]["size"], MONSTERS[kind]["size"])
        self.rect.center = self.pos

    def update(self, target):
        step = pygame.Vector2(target) - self.pos
        if step.length() > 0:
            self.pos += step.normalize() * self.speed
        self.rect.center = self.pos
        if self.axe_wait > 0:
            self.axe_wait -= 1
        if self.flash > 0:
            self.flash -= 1

    def hit(self, damage):
        self.hp -= damage
        self.flash = 6
        hit_sound.play()


class Bolt(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, start, target, damage):
        super().__init__()
        self.pos = pygame.Vector2(start)
        step = pygame.Vector2(target) - self.pos
        if step.length() == 0:
            step = pygame.Vector2(1, 0)
        self.velocity = step.normalize() * 7
        self.damage = damage
        self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 10, 10)
        self.rect.center = self.pos

    def update(self):
        self.pos += self.velocity
        self.rect.center = self.pos
        if not screen.get_rect().colliderect(self.rect):
            self.kill()


class Gem(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, pos):
        super().__init__()
        self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 24, 24)
        self.rect.center = pos
        self.rect.clamp_ip(courtyard)
        self.pos = pygame.Vector2(self.rect.center)

    def update(self, knight):
        target = pygame.Vector2(knight.rect.center)
        if self.pos.distance_to(target) < knight.magnet:
            self.pos.move_towards_ip(target, 6)
        self.rect.center = self.pos


class Night:
    def __init__(self):
        self.knight = Knight()
        self.time = 0
        self.monsters = pygame.sprite.Group()
        self.bolts = pygame.sprite.Group()
        self.bolt_timer = 0
        self.spin = 0
        self.gems = pygame.sprite.Group()
        self.xp = 0
        self.level = 1
        self.need = 5
        self.choices = []
        self.pick = 0
        self.boss = None
        self.saved = False
        self.state = "playing"

    def wave(self):
        return min(len(WAVES), self.time * len(WAVES) // NIGHT + 1)

    def spawn(self):
        wave = self.wave()
        if self.time % max(16, 46 - wave * 5) == 0:
            kind = random.choice(WAVES[wave - 1])
            self.monsters.add(Monster(kind, edge_point()))
        if self.boss is None and self.time >= BOSS_AT:
            self.boss = Monster("boss", (WIDTH // 2, -40))
            self.monsters.add(self.boss)
        boss = self.boss
        if boss and boss.alive() and boss.hp < MONSTERS["boss"]["hp"] // 2:
            if self.time % 120 == 0:
                for _ in range(3):
                    offset = (random.randint(-50, 50), random.randint(-50, 50))
                    self.monsters.add(Monster("bat", boss.pos + offset))

    def nearest(self):
        point = pygame.Vector2(self.knight.rect.center)
        best = None
        for monster in self.monsters:
            if best is None or point.distance_to(monster.pos) < point.distance_to(best.pos):
                best = monster
        return best

    def shoot(self):
        self.bolt_timer += 1
        target = self.nearest()
        if self.bolt_timer >= self.knight.bolt_wait and target is not None:
            self.bolt_timer = 0
            bolt = Bolt(self.knight.rect.center, target.pos, self.knight.bolt_damage)
            self.bolts.add(bolt)

    def axe_spots(self):
        spots = []
        for i in range(self.knight.axes):
            angle = self.spin + i * 360 / self.knight.axes
            offset = pygame.Vector2(70, 0).rotate(angle)
            spots.append(pygame.Vector2(self.knight.rect.center) + offset)
        return spots

    def hurt_monsters(self):
        for bolt in self.bolts:
            target = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(bolt, self.monsters)
            if target is not None:
                target.hit(bolt.damage)
                bolt.kill()
        for spot in self.axe_spots():
            blade = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 36, 36)
            blade.center = spot
            for monster in self.monsters:
                if monster.axe_wait == 0 and blade.colliderect(monster.rect):
                    monster.hit(1)
                    monster.axe_wait = 20
        for monster in list(self.monsters):
            if monster.hp <= 0:
                monster.kill()
                drops = 8 if monster.kind == "boss" else 1
                for _ in range(drops):
                    self.gems.add(Gem(monster.pos))

    def collect(self):
        for gem in pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self.knight, self.gems, True):
            self.xp += 1
            gem_sound.play()
        if self.xp >= self.need:
            self.xp -= self.need
            self.level += 1
            self.need += 4
            self.choices = random.sample(list(UPGRADES), 3)
            self.pick = 1
            self.state = "levelup"
            level_sound.play()

    def upgrade(self, name):
        knight = self.knight
        if name == "Quick bolts":
            knight.bolt_wait = max(8, knight.bolt_wait - 8)
        elif name == "Sharp bolts":
            knight.bolt_damage += 1
        elif name == "Spinning axe":
            knight.axes += 1
        elif name == "Swift boots":
            knight.speed += 1
        elif name == "Gem magnet":
            knight.magnet += 40
        elif name == "Hearty meal":
            knight.hearts = min(knight.max_hearts, knight.hearts + 1)
        self.state = "playing"

    def take_hits(self):
        knight = self.knight
        if knight.hurt > 0:
            knight.hurt -= 1
        elif pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(knight, self.monsters):
            knight.hearts -= 1
            knight.hurt = 75
            hurt_sound.play()
            if knight.hearts <= 0:
                self.state = "lost"

    def update(self, keys):
        self.time += 1
        self.spin = (self.spin + 4) % 360
        self.knight.move(keys)
        self.spawn()
        self.monsters.update(self.knight.rect.center)
        self.bolts.update()
        self.gems.update(self.knight)
        self.shoot()
        self.hurt_monsters()
        self.collect()
        self.take_hits()
        if self.time >= NIGHT and self.state == "playing":
            self.state = "won"


best = load_best()
night = Night()

running = True
while running:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if night.state == "levelup":
                if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                    night.pick = (night.pick - 1) % 3
                elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                    night.pick = (night.pick + 1) % 3
                elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                    night.upgrade(night.choices[night.pick])

    if night.state == "playing":
        night.update(pygame.key.get_pressed())
    if night.state in ("won", "lost") and not night.saved:
        night.saved = True
        if night.time > best:
            best = night.time
            save_best(best)

    screen.blit(background, (0, 0))
    knight = night.knight
    for gem in night.gems:
        draw(gem_img, gem.rect.center)
    for monster in night.monsters:
        if monster.flash > 0:
            draw(whiten(monster.image), monster.rect.center)
        else:
            draw(monster.image, monster.rect.center)
    if knight.hurt % 10 < 5:
        draw(knight.image, knight.rect.center)
    for spot in night.axe_spots():
        draw(pygame.transform.rotate(axe_img, -night.spin * 3), spot)
    dark = min(120, max(0, NIGHT - night.time) * 120 // (60 * 60))
    shade.fill((10, 10, 40, dark))
    screen.blit(shade, (0, 0))
    for bolt in night.bolts:
        pygame.draw.circle(screen, BOLT, bolt.rect.center, 5)
    for i in range(knight.max_hearts):
        if i < knight.hearts:
            screen.blit(heart_img, (8 + i * 34, 6))
        else:
            screen.blit(empty_img, (8 + i * 34, 6))
    left = font.render(clock_text(max(0, NIGHT - night.time)) + " until dawn", True, WHITE)
    screen.blit(left, left.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, 24)))
    label = font.render(f"Level {night.level}", True, WHITE)
    screen.blit(label, label.get_rect(topright=(WIDTH - 10, 4)))
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, (40, 40, 60), (WIDTH - 160, 30, 150, 10))
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, GOLD, (WIDTH - 160, 30, 150 * night.xp // night.need, 10))
    if night.state == "levelup":
        screen.blit(cover, (0, 0))
        title = big_font.render("Level up! Pick one", True, GOLD)
        screen.blit(title, title.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, 130)))
        for i, name in enumerate(night.choices):
            card = pygame.Rect(60 + i * 210, 190, 180, 120)
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, (40, 40, 60), card)
            if i == night.pick:
                pygame.draw.rect(screen, GOLD, card, 4)
            else:
                pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE, card, 2)
            text = font.render(name, True, WHITE)
            screen.blit(text, text.get_rect(center=(card.centerx, card.y + 40)))
            about = small_font.render(UPGRADES[name], True, WHITE)
            screen.blit(about, about.get_rect(center=(card.centerx, card.y + 80)))
        hint = font.render("Left and Right to choose, Space to take it", True, WHITE)
        screen.blit(hint, hint.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, 360)))
    if night.state in ("title", "won", "lost"):
        screen.blit(dark_cover, (0, 0))
    if night.state in ("won", "lost"):
        if night.state == "won":
            message = big_font.render("Dawn! The keep holds", True, GOLD)
        else:
            message = big_font.render("The keep has fallen", True, WHITE)
        screen.blit(message, message.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, 200)))
        lasted = font.render(f"You lasted {clock_text(night.time)}", True, WHITE)
        screen.blit(lasted, lasted.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, 260)))
        record = font.render(f"Best night: {clock_text(best)}", True, WHITE)
        screen.blit(record, record.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, 300)))
    pygame.display.flip()
    clock.tick(60)

pygame.quit()