실감 나는 타격
Coddy의 Pygame 프로젝트: 성채를 지켜라 코스 레슨. 20개 중 12번째.
무기는 제대로 작동하지만, 맞았을 때 알아보기 어렵습니다. 두 가지 간단한 방법으로 해결할 수 있습니다. 몬스터가 공격을 받으면 잠시 흰색으로 깜박이고, 공격이 적중할 때마다 소리가 납니다.
그림을 흰색으로 복사해도 모양은 그대로 유지됩니다. BLEND_RGB_MAX는 각 픽셀의 색상과 흰색 중 더 밝은 색을 선택하는데, 흰색은 항상 더 밝으므로 결과는 흰색이 됩니다. 투명한 픽셀은 그대로 둡니다.
def whiten(image):
white = image.copy()
white.fill((255, 255, 255), special_flags=pygame.BLEND_RGB_MAX)
return whitehit는 self.flash = 6을 설정하고, 몬스터의 update는 값을 줄여 나갑니다. 반복문은 값이 0보다 큰 동안 흰색 복사본을 그립니다.
pygame.mixer.Sound(path)로 소리를 한 번 불러온 다음, 원하는 만큼 .play()로 재생할 수 있습니다.
챌린지
중급sound(name)을 작성하여pygame.mixer.Sound("assets/sounds/" + name)을 반환하고,whiten(image)을 작성하세요.hit_sound = sound("hit.ogg")와hurt_sound = sound("thud.ogg")을 불러오세요.- 몬스터:
self.flash = 0을 설정하고,update에서 값을 감소시키세요.hit은 값을 6으로 설정하고hit_sound을 재생합니다. flash가 0보다 큰 몬스터에는whiten(monster.image)을 그리세요.- 기사가 하트를 잃을 때
hurt_sound을 재생하세요.
직접 해보기
import random
import pygame
WIDTH, HEIGHT = 720, 480
TILE = 48
NIGHT = 60 * 60 * 4
WAVES = [
["slime"],
["slime", "bat"],
["slime", "bat", "spider"],
["bat", "spider"],
["slime", "spider", "ghost"],
["bat", "spider", "ghost"],
["spider", "ghost"],
["bat", "ghost"],
]
WHITE = (240, 240, 240)
BOLT = (120, 200, 255)
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("Hold the Keep")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
font = pygame.font.Font("assets/fonts/pixel.ttf", 24)
big_font = pygame.font.Font("assets/fonts/pixel.ttf", 48)
def load(name):
return pygame.image.load("assets/images/" + name).convert_alpha()
floor_img = load("floor.png")
wall_img = load("wall.png")
knight_img = load("knight.png")
axe_img = load("axe.png")
heart_img = load("heart.png")
empty_img = load("heart_empty.png")
MONSTERS = {
"slime": {"image": load("slime.png"), "speed": 1.0, "hp": 1},
"bat": {"image": load("dungeon_bat.png"), "speed": 1.6, "hp": 1},
"spider": {"image": load("spider.png"), "speed": 1.2, "hp": 3},
"ghost": {"image": load("ghost.png"), "speed": 0.8, "hp": 4},
}
courtyard = pygame.Rect(TILE, TILE, WIDTH - 2 * TILE, HEIGHT - 2 * TILE)
background = pygame.Surface((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
for row in range(HEIGHT // TILE):
for col in range(WIDTH // TILE):
x = col * TILE
y = row * TILE
if courtyard.collidepoint(x, y):
background.blit(floor_img, (x, y))
else:
background.blit(wall_img, (x, y))
def draw(image, center):
screen.blit(image, image.get_rect(center=center))
def clock_text(frames):
seconds = frames // 60
return f"{seconds // 60}:{seconds % 60:02d}"
def edge_point():
side = random.randint(0, 3)
if side == 0:
return (random.randint(0, WIDTH), -24)
if side == 1:
return (random.randint(0, WIDTH), HEIGHT + 24)
if side == 2:
return (-24, random.randint(0, HEIGHT))
return (WIDTH + 24, random.randint(0, HEIGHT))
class Knight(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.image = knight_img
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 24, 24)
self.rect.center = courtyard.center
self.speed = 3
self.hearts = 5
self.max_hearts = 5
self.hurt = 0
self.bolt_wait = 30
self.bolt_damage = 1
self.axes = 1
def move(self, keys):
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
self.rect.x -= self.speed
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
self.rect.x += self.speed
if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
self.rect.y -= self.speed
if keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:
self.rect.y += self.speed
self.rect.clamp_ip(courtyard)
class Monster(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, kind, pos):
super().__init__()
self.kind = kind
self.image = MONSTERS[kind]["image"]
self.speed = MONSTERS[kind]["speed"]
self.hp = MONSTERS[kind]["hp"]
self.axe_wait = 0
self.pos = pygame.Vector2(pos)
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 28, 28)
self.rect.center = self.pos
def update(self, target):
step = pygame.Vector2(target) - self.pos
if step.length() > 0:
self.pos += step.normalize() * self.speed
self.rect.center = self.pos
if self.axe_wait > 0:
self.axe_wait -= 1
def hit(self, damage):
self.hp -= damage
class Bolt(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, start, target, damage):
super().__init__()
self.pos = pygame.Vector2(start)
step = pygame.Vector2(target) - self.pos
if step.length() == 0:
step = pygame.Vector2(1, 0)
self.velocity = step.normalize() * 7
self.damage = damage
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 10, 10)
self.rect.center = self.pos
def update(self):
self.pos += self.velocity
self.rect.center = self.pos
if not screen.get_rect().colliderect(self.rect):
self.kill()
class Night:
def __init__(self):
self.knight = Knight()
self.time = 0
self.monsters = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.bolts = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.bolt_timer = 0
self.spin = 0
self.state = "playing"
def wave(self):
return min(len(WAVES), self.time * len(WAVES) // NIGHT + 1)
def spawn(self):
wave = self.wave()
if self.time % max(16, 46 - wave * 5) == 0:
kind = random.choice(WAVES[wave - 1])
self.monsters.add(Monster(kind, edge_point()))
def nearest(self):
point = pygame.Vector2(self.knight.rect.center)
best = None
for monster in self.monsters:
if best is None or point.distance_to(monster.pos) < point.distance_to(best.pos):
best = monster
return best
def shoot(self):
self.bolt_timer += 1
target = self.nearest()
if self.bolt_timer >= self.knight.bolt_wait and target is not None:
self.bolt_timer = 0
bolt = Bolt(self.knight.rect.center, target.pos, self.knight.bolt_damage)
self.bolts.add(bolt)
def axe_spots(self):
spots = []
for i in range(self.knight.axes):
angle = self.spin + i * 360 / self.knight.axes
offset = pygame.Vector2(70, 0).rotate(angle)
spots.append(pygame.Vector2(self.knight.rect.center) + offset)
return spots
def hurt_monsters(self):
for bolt in self.bolts:
target = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(bolt, self.monsters)
if target is not None:
target.hit(bolt.damage)
bolt.kill()
for spot in self.axe_spots():
blade = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 36, 36)
blade.center = spot
for monster in self.monsters:
if monster.axe_wait == 0 and blade.colliderect(monster.rect):
monster.hit(1)
monster.axe_wait = 20
for monster in list(self.monsters):
if monster.hp <= 0:
monster.kill()
def take_hits(self):
knight = self.knight
if knight.hurt > 0:
knight.hurt -= 1
elif pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(knight, self.monsters):
knight.hearts -= 1
knight.hurt = 75
if knight.hearts <= 0:
self.state = "lost"
def update(self, keys):
self.time += 1
self.spin = (self.spin + 4) % 360
self.knight.move(keys)
self.spawn()
self.monsters.update(self.knight.rect.center)
self.bolts.update()
self.shoot()
self.hurt_monsters()
self.take_hits()
night = Night()
running = True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
if night.state == "playing":
night.update(pygame.key.get_pressed())
screen.blit(background, (0, 0))
knight = night.knight
for monster in night.monsters:
draw(monster.image, monster.rect.center)
if knight.hurt % 10 < 5:
draw(knight.image, knight.rect.center)
for spot in night.axe_spots():
draw(pygame.transform.rotate(axe_img, -night.spin * 3), spot)
for bolt in night.bolts:
pygame.draw.circle(screen, BOLT, bolt.rect.center, 5)
for i in range(knight.max_hearts):
if i < knight.hearts:
screen.blit(heart_img, (8 + i * 34, 6))
else:
screen.blit(empty_img, (8 + i * 34, 6))
left = font.render(clock_text(max(0, NIGHT - night.time)) + " until dawn", True, WHITE)
screen.blit(left, left.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, 24)))
if night.state == "lost":
message = big_font.render("The keep has fallen", True, WHITE)
screen.blit(message, message.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, 200)))
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(60)
pygame.quit()
실력 점검이 레슨에는 짧은 퀴즈가 포함되어 있습니다. 레슨을 시작해 문제를 풀고 진행 상황을 기록하세요.
Pygame 프로젝트: 성채를 지켜라의 모든 레슨
직접 연습해 보세요: Pygame 플레이그라운드