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Interfaz de administración

Parte de la sección Programación orientada a objetos del Journey de Python de Coddy. Lección 59 de 64.

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Desafío

Intermedio

En este desafío, implementarás funciones administrativas para un sistema de gestión de bibliotecas.

Tendrás que modificar el archivo library.py para añadir un método get_statistics a la clase Library que devuelva un diccionario con estadísticas clave sobre el estado de la biblioteca. Los detalles de la implementación se proporcionan en comentarios TODO dentro del archivo.

Las estadísticas deben incluir:

  • Número total de libros
  • Cantidad de libros disponibles
  • Cantidad de libros prestados
  • Cantidad total de usuarios
  • Número de usuarios que tienen libros prestados

Los archivos book.py y user.py contienen clases ya implementadas con las que interactuará tu solución. Aunque puedes revisar estos archivos para comprender la estructura del sistema, tu implementación debe centrarse en el archivo library.py.

Pruébalo tú mismo

from book import Book
from user import User
from library import Library

# Gestor de casos de prueba
test_case = input()

if test_case == "empty_library":
    library = Library("Empty Library")
    stats = library.get_statistics()
    
    print(f"Total Books: {stats['total_books']}")
    print(f"Available Books: {stats['available_books']}")
    print(f"Borrowed Books: {stats['borrowed_books']}")
    print(f"Total Users: {stats['total_users']}")
    print(f"Users with Books: {stats['users_with_books']}")

elif test_case == "with_borrowed_books":
    library = Library("Community Library")
    
    # Añadir libros y usuarios
    library.add_book(Book("The Great Gatsby", "F. Scott Fitzgerald", "123456"))
    library.add_book(Book("To Kill a Mockingbird", "Harper Lee", "789012"))
    library.add_book(Book("1984", "George Orwell", "345678"))
    
    library.add_user(User("U001", "Alice"))
    library.add_user(User("U002", "Bob"))
    library.add_user(User("U003", "Charlie"))
    
    # Tomar prestados algunos libros
    library.borrow_book("123456", "U001")
    library.borrow_book("789012", "U001") # Alice toma prestados 2 libros
    library.borrow_book("345678", "U002") # Bob toma prestado 1 libro
    
    stats = library.get_statistics()
    print(f"Total Books: {stats['total_books']}")
    print(f"Available Books: {stats['available_books']}")
    print(f"Borrowed Books: {stats['borrowed_books']}")
    print(f"Total Users: {stats['total_users']}")
    print(f"Users with Books: {stats['users_with_books']}")

elif test_case == "return_books":
    library = Library("Return Test Library")
    
    # Añadir libros y usuarios
    library.add_book(Book("Python Programming", "John Smith", "111222"))
    library.add_book(Book("Data Structures", "Jane Doe", "333444"))
    
    library.add_user(User("U101", "David"))
    library.add_user(User("U102", "Emma"))
    
    # Tomar prestado un libro
    library.borrow_book("111222", "U101")
    
    # Obtener estadísticas antes de devolver el libro
    stats_before = library.get_statistics()
    print("Before returning:")
    print(f"Total Books: {stats_before['total_books']}")
    print(f"Available Books: {stats_before['available_books']}")
    print(f"Borrowed Books: {stats_before['borrowed_books']}")
    print(f"Users with Books: {stats_before['users_with_books']}")
    
    # Implementación de la devolución del libro (estaría en la clase Library)
    book = next((book for book in library.books if book.isbn == "111222"), None)
    user = next((user for user in library.users if user.user_id == "U101"), None)
    
    if book and user:
        book.available = True
        book.borrower = None
        user.books_borrowed.remove(book)
        print("Book returned successfully")
    
    # Obtener estadísticas después de devolver el libro
    stats_after = library.get_statistics()
    print("\
After returning:")
    print(f"Total Books: {stats_after['total_books']}")
    print(f"Available Books: {stats_after['available_books']}")
    print(f"Borrowed Books: {stats_after['borrowed_books']}")
    print(f"Users with Books: {stats_after['users_with_books']}")

elif test_case == "edge_cases":
    # Biblioteca vacía
    empty_library = Library("Empty Library")
    empty_stats = empty_library.get_statistics()
    print("Empty library statistics:")
    print(f"Total Books: {empty_stats['total_books']}")
    print(f"Available Books: {empty_stats['available_books']}")
    print(f"Borrowed Books: {empty_stats['borrowed_books']}")
    print(f"Total Users: {empty_stats['total_users']}")
    print(f"Users with Books: {empty_stats['users_with_books']}")
    
    # Libros, pero ningún usuario
    books_only = Library("Books Only")
    books_only.add_book(Book("Book 1", "Author 1", "B001"))
    books_only.add_book(Book("Book 2", "Author 2", "B002"))
    books_stats = books_only.get_statistics()
    print("\
Library with books but no users:")
    print(f"Total Books: {books_stats['total_books']}")
    print(f"Available Books: {books_stats['available_books']}")
    print(f"Total Users: {books_stats['total_users']}")
    print(f"Users with Books: {books_stats['users_with_books']}")
    
    # Usuarios, pero ningún libro
    users_only = Library("Users Only")
    users_only.add_user(User("U201", "User 1"))
    users_only.add_user(User("U202", "User 2"))
    users_stats = users_only.get_statistics()
    print("\
Library with users but no books:")
    print(f"Total Books: {users_stats['total_books']}")
    print(f"Available Books: {users_stats['available_books']}")
    print(f"Total Users: {users_stats['total_users']}")
    print(f"Users with Books: {users_stats['users_with_books']}")
    
    # Casos de error
    error_library = Library("Error Test")
    error_library.add_book(Book("Error Book", "Error Author", "E001"))
    error_library.add_user(User("E101", "Error User"))
    
    print("\
Error cases:")
    print(f"Borrow non-existent book: {error_library.borrow_book('NONEXISTENT', 'E101')}")
    print(f"Borrow with non-existent user: {error_library.borrow_book('E001', 'NONEXISTENT')}")

elif test_case == "large_library":
    large_library = Library("Large Library")
    
    # Añade 100 libros
    for i in range(1, 101):
        large_library.add_book(Book(f"Book {i}", f"Author {i}", f"ISBN{i:06d}"))
    
    # Añade 100 usuarios
    for i in range(1, 101):
        large_library.add_user(User(f"U{i:03d}", f"User {i}"))
    
    # Haz que 50 usuarios pidan libros prestados
    for i in range(1, 51):
        large_library.borrow_book(f"ISBN{i:06d}", f"U{i:03d}")
    
    # Haz que algunos usuarios pidan varios libros prestados
    for i in range(1, 11):
        large_library.borrow_book(f"ISBN{i+50:06d}", f"U{i:03d}")
    
    stats = large_library.get_statistics()
    print("Large library statistics:")
    print(f"Total Books: {stats['total_books']}")
    print(f"Available Books: {stats['available_books']}")
    print(f"Borrowed Books: {stats['borrowed_books']}")
    print(f"Total Users: {stats['total_users']}")
    print(f"Users with Books: {stats['users_with_books']}")
    
    # Verifica los cálculos
    print("\
Verification:")
    print(f"Total books should be 100: {stats['total_books'] == 100}")
    print(f"Borrowed books should be 60: {stats['borrowed_books'] == 60}")
    print(f"Available books should be 40: {stats['available_books'] == 40}")
    print(f"Users with books should be 50: {stats['users_with_books'] == 50}")

elif test_case == "statistics_accuracy":
    accuracy_library = Library("Accuracy Test")
    
    # Añade exactamente 10 libros
    for i in range(1, 11):
        accuracy_library.add_book(Book(f"Book {i}", f"Author {i}", f"A{i:03d}"))
    
    # Añade exactamente 5 usuarios
    for i in range(1, 6):
        accuracy_library.add_user(User(f"AU{i}", f"Accuracy User {i}"))
    
    # Todavía no se ha prestado ningún libro
    stats1 = accuracy_library.get_statistics()
    print("Initial state:")
    print(f"Total Books: {stats1['total_books']} (Expected: 10)")
    print(f"Available Books: {stats1['available_books']} (Expected: 10)")
    print(f"Borrowed Books: {stats1['borrowed_books']} (Expected: 0)")
    print(f"Total Users: {stats1['total_users']} (Expected: 5)")
    print(f"Users with Books: {stats1['users_with_books']} (Expected: 0)")
    
    # Haz que 3 usuarios pidan libros prestados
    accuracy_library.borrow_book("A001", "AU1")
    accuracy_library.borrow_book("A002", "AU1")  # El usuario 1 pide 2 libros prestados
    accuracy_library.borrow_book("A003", "AU2")  # El usuario 2 pide 1 libro prestado
    accuracy_library.borrow_book("A004", "AU3")  # El usuario 3 toma prestado 1 libro
    
    stats2 = accuracy_library.get_statistics()
    print("\
After borrowing:")
    print(f"Total Books: {stats2['total_books']} (Expected: 10)")
    print(f"Available Books: {stats2['available_books']} (Expected: 6)")
    print(f"Borrowed Books: {stats2['borrowed_books']} (Expected: 4)")
    print(f"Total Users: {stats2['total_users']} (Expected: 5)")
    print(f"Users with Books: {stats2['users_with_books']} (Expected: 3)")

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