把击球和重置写成方法
Coddy 用 Pygame 制作游戏 课程的第 39 课,共 41 课。
球还有另外两项任务:从挡板上弹开,以及回到中间。把它们写成方法后,主循环读起来就像游戏规则。
def reset(self):
self.rect.center = (300, 200)
self.vx = -self.vx两次挡板检测的区别只在于球离开的方向:从左侧挡板弹开后向右,从右侧挡板弹开后向左。把这个方向作为数字 way 传入,取 1 或 -1,这样一个方法就能处理两种情况:
ball.hit(left, 1)
ball.hit(right, -1)在方法内部,self.vx = way * abs(self.vx) 会让球无论原本朝哪个方向运动,都朝指定方向移动,同时保持原来的发射角度。
挑战
困难将球拍碰撞处理和重置操作移入 Ball 类。
- 编写
hit(paddle, way):发生碰撞时,执行self.vx = way * abs(self.vx),并计算击球角度。 - 编写
reset():将中心设为(300, 200),并反转self.vx。 - 在循环中调用
ball.hit(left, 1)、ball.hit(right, -1),并在每次得分后调用ball.reset()。
按“开始”:游戏仍会以相同的方式运行。然后点击“检查”。
亲手试试
import pygame
class Ball:
def __init__(self):
self.rect = pygame.Rect(293, 193, 14, 14)
self.vx = 5
self.vy = 4
def move(self):
self.rect.x += self.vx
self.rect.y += self.vy
if self.rect.top <= 0 or self.rect.bottom >= 400:
self.vy = -self.vy
def draw(self, surface):
pygame.draw.rect(surface, (255, 196, 0), self.rect)
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((600, 400))
pygame.display.set_caption("Pong")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
font = pygame.font.Font(None, 36)
ball = Ball()
left = pygame.Rect(20, 160, 12, 80)
right = pygame.Rect(568, 160, 12, 80)
left_score = 0
right_score = 0
waiting = False
winner = None
running = True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
if winner is None:
waiting = False
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_w]:
left.y -= 6
if keys[pygame.K_s]:
left.y += 6
if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
right.y -= 6
if keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:
right.y += 6
left.clamp_ip(screen.get_rect())
right.clamp_ip(screen.get_rect())
if not waiting:
ball.move()
if ball.rect.colliderect(left):
ball.vx = abs(ball.vx)
ball.vy = (ball.rect.centery - left.centery) // 6
if ball.rect.colliderect(right):
ball.vx = -abs(ball.vx)
ball.vy = (ball.rect.centery - right.centery) // 6
if ball.rect.left > 600:
left_score += 1
ball.rect.center = (300, 200)
ball.vx = -ball.vx
waiting = True
if ball.rect.right < 0:
right_score += 1
ball.rect.center = (300, 200)
ball.vx = -ball.vx
waiting = True
if left_score == 5:
winner = "Left player wins!"
elif right_score == 5:
winner = "Right player wins!"
screen.fill((30, 30, 46))
pygame.draw.rect(screen, (80, 160, 255), left)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, (235, 80, 80), right)
ball.draw(screen)
score = font.render(f"{left_score} : {right_score}", True, (240, 240, 240))
screen.blit(score, score.get_rect(center=(300, 30)))
if winner is not None:
message = font.render(winner, True, (240, 240, 240))
screen.blit(message, message.get_rect(center=(300, 120)))
elif waiting:
message = font.render("Press Space to serve", True, (240, 240, 240))
screen.blit(message, message.get_rect(center=(300, 360)))
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(60)
pygame.quit()
这节课包含一个小测验。开始学习即可作答,并记录你的进度。
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