Axttreffer
Lektion 13 von 25 im Kurs Pygame-Projekt: Haltet den Bergfried von Coddy.
Die Axt durchdringt ein Monster über viele Frames hinweg, etwa 13 davon. Würde sie ihm in jedem dieser Frames Schaden zufügen, würde sie alles schmelzen, was sie berührt. Damit sie pro Durchgang nur einmal trifft, erhält ein getroffenes Monster eine Wartezeit, zählt sie in seinem eigenen update herunter, und die Axt fügt nur Monstern Schaden zu, deren Wartezeit 0 beträgt. Eine Falle, die einmal pro Sekunde auslöst, funktioniert genauso:
if player.trap_wait == 0 and spikes.colliderect(player.rect):
player.hearts -= 1
player.trap_wait = 60Die Klinge ist ein eigener Rect mit den Maßen 36 mal 36, der an jeder Stelle aus axe_spots() zentriert ist. rect.colliderect(other) ist True, wenn sich zwei Rects überlappen.
Aufgabe
MittelLass die Axt bei jedem Durchlauf jedes Monster einmal treffen.
- Gib
Monsteraxe_wait = 0;updatezieht davon 1 ab, solange der Wert über 0 liegt. - Füge in
hurt_monstersnach den Bolzen für jeden Punkt ein 36 × 36 großesblade-Rect hinzu, das mittig auf diesem Punkt liegt. Es trifft jedes Monster, das es berührt und dessenaxe_wait0 ist, mitmonster.hit(1)undmonster.axe_wait = 20.
Drücke „Spielen“: Schleime, die die Axt berührt, fallen um, und ein Geist braucht vier Durchläufe. Drücke dann „Prüfen“.
Probier es selbst
import random
import pygame
WIDTH, HEIGHT = 720, 480
TILE = 48
NIGHT = 60 * 60 * 4
# Die Monsterarten, die jede Welle hervorbringt, von der ersten bis zur letzten
WAVES = [
["slime"],
["slime", "bat"],
["slime", "bat", "spider"],
["bat", "spider"],
["slime", "spider", "ghost"],
["bat", "spider", "ghost"],
["spider", "ghost"],
["bat", "ghost"],
]
WHITE = (240, 240, 240)
BOLT = (120, 200, 255)
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("Hold the Keep")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
font = pygame.font.Font("assets/fonts/pixel.ttf", 24)
big_font = pygame.font.Font("assets/fonts/pixel.ttf", 48)
def load(name):
return pygame.image.load("assets/images/" + name).convert_alpha()
floor_img = load("floor.png")
wall_img = load("wall.png")
knight_img = load("knight.png")
axe_img = load("axe.png")
heart_img = load("heart.png")
empty_img = load("heart_empty.png")
MONSTERS = {
"slime": {"image": load("slime.png"), "speed": 1.0, "hp": 1},
"bat": {"image": load("dungeon_bat.png"), "speed": 1.6, "hp": 1},
"spider": {"image": load("spider.png"), "speed": 1.2, "hp": 3},
"ghost": {"image": load("ghost.png"), "speed": 0.8, "hp": 4},
}
courtyard = pygame.Rect(TILE, TILE, WIDTH - 2 * TILE, HEIGHT - 2 * TILE)
background = pygame.Surface((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
for row in range(HEIGHT // TILE):
for col in range(WIDTH // TILE):
x = col * TILE
y = row * TILE
if courtyard.collidepoint(x, y):
background.blit(floor_img, (x, y))
else:
background.blit(wall_img, (x, y))
def draw(image, center):
screen.blit(image, image.get_rect(center=center))
def clock_text(frames):
seconds = frames // 60
return f"{seconds // 60}:{seconds % 60:02d}"
def edge_point():
side = random.randint(0, 3)
if side == 0:
return (random.randint(0, WIDTH), -24)
if side == 1:
return (random.randint(0, WIDTH), HEIGHT + 24)
if side == 2:
return (-24, random.randint(0, HEIGHT))
return (WIDTH + 24, random.randint(0, HEIGHT))
class Knight(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.image = knight_img
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 24, 24)
self.rect.center = courtyard.center
self.speed = 3
self.hearts = 5
self.max_hearts = 5
self.hurt = 0
self.bolt_wait = 30
self.bolt_damage = 1
self.axes = 1
def move(self, keys):
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
self.rect.x -= self.speed
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
self.rect.x += self.speed
if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
self.rect.y -= self.speed
if keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:
self.rect.y += self.speed
self.rect.clamp_ip(courtyard)
class Monster(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, kind, pos):
super().__init__()
self.kind = kind
self.image = MONSTERS[kind]["image"]
self.speed = MONSTERS[kind]["speed"]
self.hp = MONSTERS[kind]["hp"]
self.pos = pygame.Vector2(pos)
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 28, 28)
self.rect.center = self.pos
def update(self, target):
step = pygame.Vector2(target) - self.pos
if step.length() > 0:
self.pos += step.normalize() * self.speed
self.rect.center = self.pos
def hit(self, damage):
self.hp -= damage
class Bolt(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, start, target, damage):
super().__init__()
self.pos = pygame.Vector2(start)
step = pygame.Vector2(target) - self.pos
if step.length() == 0:
step = pygame.Vector2(1, 0)
self.velocity = step.normalize() * 7
self.damage = damage
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 10, 10)
self.rect.center = self.pos
def update(self):
self.pos += self.velocity
self.rect.center = self.pos
if not screen.get_rect().colliderect(self.rect):
self.kill()
class Night:
def __init__(self):
self.knight = Knight()
self.time = 0
self.monsters = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.bolts = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.bolt_timer = 0
self.spin = 0
self.state = "playing"
def wave(self):
return min(len(WAVES), self.time * len(WAVES) // NIGHT + 1)
def spawn(self):
wave = self.wave()
if self.time % max(16, 46 - wave * 5) == 0:
kind = random.choice(WAVES[wave - 1])
self.monsters.add(Monster(kind, edge_point()))
def nearest(self):
point = pygame.Vector2(self.knight.rect.center)
best = None
for monster in self.monsters:
if best is None or point.distance_to(monster.pos) < point.distance_to(best.pos):
best = monster
return best
def shoot(self):
self.bolt_timer += 1
target = self.nearest()
if self.bolt_timer >= self.knight.bolt_wait and target is not None:
self.bolt_timer = 0
bolt = Bolt(self.knight.rect.center, target.pos, self.knight.bolt_damage)
self.bolts.add(bolt)
def axe_spots(self):
spots = []
for i in range(self.knight.axes):
angle = self.spin + i * 360 / self.knight.axes
offset = pygame.Vector2(70, 0).rotate(angle)
spots.append(pygame.Vector2(self.knight.rect.center) + offset)
return spots
def hurt_monsters(self):
for bolt in self.bolts:
target = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(bolt, self.monsters)
if target is not None:
target.hit(bolt.damage)
bolt.kill()
for monster in list(self.monsters):
if monster.hp <= 0:
monster.kill()
def take_hits(self):
knight = self.knight
if knight.hurt > 0:
knight.hurt -= 1
elif pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(knight, self.monsters):
knight.hearts -= 1
knight.hurt = 75
if knight.hearts <= 0:
self.state = "lost"
def update(self, keys):
self.time += 1
self.spin = (self.spin + 4) % 360
self.knight.move(keys)
self.spawn()
self.monsters.update(self.knight.rect.center)
self.bolts.update()
self.shoot()
self.hurt_monsters()
self.take_hits()
night = Night()
running = True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
if night.state == "playing":
night.update(pygame.key.get_pressed())
screen.blit(background, (0, 0))
knight = night.knight
for monster in night.monsters:
draw(monster.image, monster.rect.center)
if knight.hurt % 10 < 5:
draw(knight.image, knight.rect.center)
for spot in night.axe_spots():
draw(pygame.transform.rotate(axe_img, -night.spin * 3), spot)
for bolt in night.bolts:
pygame.draw.circle(screen, BOLT, bolt.rect.center, 5)
for i in range(knight.max_hearts):
if i < knight.hearts:
screen.blit(heart_img, (8 + i * 34, 6))
else:
screen.blit(empty_img, (8 + i * 34, 6))
left = font.render(clock_text(max(0, NIGHT - night.time)) + " until dawn", True, WHITE)
screen.blit(left, left.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, 24)))
if night.state == "lost":
message = big_font.render("The keep has fallen", True, WHITE)
screen.blit(message, message.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, 200)))
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(60)
pygame.quit()
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