ボス
Coddyの「Pygameプロジェクト：城を守り抜こう」コースのレッスン 16/20。
夜明けの1分前にボスが現れます。サイズは2倍で、動きは遅いものの、体力は120あります。pygame.transform.scale(image, (96, 96))を使うと画像を拡大したコピーが作れるので、ボス専用の画像は必要ありません。
ボスは大きいので、Rectも大きくなります。MONSTERSの各種類に"size"を設定します。他の種類には28、ボスには64を指定し、それをRectに使います。
ボスは1体だけ出現するようにします。self.bossは最初はNoneで、ボスが生成されるとそのボスを保持します。これにより、2体目の出現を防ぐと同時に、次のレッスンからボスを見つけられるようになります。
if self.boss is None and self.time >= BOSS_AT:
self.boss = Monster("boss", (WIDTH // 2, -40))
self.monsters.add(self.boss)ボスはself.monstersに属するMonsterなので、新しいコードを追加しなくても歩き、攻撃を受け、点滅し、倒れます。倒れたボスはジェムを8個落とします。
チャレンジ
中級- 次を追加します:
BOSS_AT = NIGHT - 60 * 60。 - すべての種類に
"size"を追加します: 28。また、"boss"の行には、画像pygame.transform.scale(load("ghost.png"), (96, 96))、速度 0.7、hp 120、size 64 を設定します。モンスターの Rect にはMONSTERS[kind]["size"]を使用します。 Nightにself.boss = Noneを追加し、spawnの末尾に上記のコードを追加します。- モンスターが倒れたとき、ボスには宝石を8個、それ以外には1個落とさせます。
自分で試してみよう
import random
import pygame
WIDTH, HEIGHT = 720, 480
TILE = 48
NIGHT = 60 * 60 * 4
WAVES = [
["slime"],
["slime", "bat"],
["slime", "bat", "spider"],
["bat", "spider"],
["slime", "spider", "ghost"],
["bat", "spider", "ghost"],
["spider", "ghost"],
["bat", "ghost"],
]
UPGRADES = {
"Quick bolts": "Bolts fire more often",
"Sharp bolts": "Bolts hit harder",
"Spinning axe": "One more axe circles you",
"Swift boots": "You walk faster",
"Gem magnet": "Gems come from further",
"Hearty meal": "Get back a heart",
}
WHITE = (240, 240, 240)
BOLT = (120, 200, 255)
GOLD = (250, 200, 60)
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("Hold the Keep")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
font = pygame.font.Font("assets/fonts/pixel.ttf", 24)
small_font = pygame.font.Font("assets/fonts/pixel.ttf", 16)
big_font = pygame.font.Font("assets/fonts/pixel.ttf", 48)
def load(name):
return pygame.image.load("assets/images/" + name).convert_alpha()
def sound(name):
return pygame.mixer.Sound("assets/sounds/" + name)
def whiten(image):
white = image.copy()
white.fill((255, 255, 255), special_flags=pygame.BLEND_RGB_MAX)
return white
floor_img = load("floor.png")
wall_img = load("wall.png")
knight_img = load("knight.png")
axe_img = load("axe.png")
gem_img = load("gem.png")
heart_img = load("heart.png")
empty_img = load("heart_empty.png")
MONSTERS = {
"slime": {"image": load("slime.png"), "speed": 1.0, "hp": 1},
"bat": {"image": load("dungeon_bat.png"), "speed": 1.6, "hp": 1},
"spider": {"image": load("spider.png"), "speed": 1.2, "hp": 3},
"ghost": {"image": load("ghost.png"), "speed": 0.8, "hp": 4},
}
hit_sound = sound("hit.ogg")
hurt_sound = sound("thud.ogg")
gem_sound = sound("coin.ogg")
level_sound = sound("powerup.ogg")
courtyard = pygame.Rect(TILE, TILE, WIDTH - 2 * TILE, HEIGHT - 2 * TILE)
background = pygame.Surface((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
for row in range(HEIGHT // TILE):
for col in range(WIDTH // TILE):
x = col * TILE
y = row * TILE
if courtyard.collidepoint(x, y):
background.blit(floor_img, (x, y))
else:
background.blit(wall_img, (x, y))
cover = pygame.Surface((WIDTH, HEIGHT), pygame.SRCALPHA)
cover.fill((0, 0, 0, 150))
def draw(image, center):
screen.blit(image, image.get_rect(center=center))
def clock_text(frames):
seconds = frames // 60
return f"{seconds // 60}:{seconds % 60:02d}"
def edge_point():
side = random.randint(0, 3)
if side == 0:
return (random.randint(0, WIDTH), -24)
if side == 1:
return (random.randint(0, WIDTH), HEIGHT + 24)
if side == 2:
return (-24, random.randint(0, HEIGHT))
return (WIDTH + 24, random.randint(0, HEIGHT))
class Knight(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.image = knight_img
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 24, 24)
self.rect.center = courtyard.center
self.speed = 3
self.hearts = 5
self.max_hearts = 5
self.hurt = 0
self.bolt_wait = 30
self.bolt_damage = 1
self.axes = 1
self.magnet = 80
def move(self, keys):
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
self.rect.x -= self.speed
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
self.rect.x += self.speed
if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
self.rect.y -= self.speed
if keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:
self.rect.y += self.speed
self.rect.clamp_ip(courtyard)
class Monster(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, kind, pos):
super().__init__()
self.kind = kind
self.image = MONSTERS[kind]["image"]
self.speed = MONSTERS[kind]["speed"]
self.hp = MONSTERS[kind]["hp"]
self.axe_wait = 0
self.flash = 0
self.pos = pygame.Vector2(pos)
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 28, 28)
self.rect.center = self.pos
def update(self, target):
step = pygame.Vector2(target) - self.pos
if step.length() > 0:
self.pos += step.normalize() * self.speed
self.rect.center = self.pos
if self.axe_wait > 0:
self.axe_wait -= 1
if self.flash > 0:
self.flash -= 1
def hit(self, damage):
self.hp -= damage
self.flash = 6
hit_sound.play()
class Bolt(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, start, target, damage):
super().__init__()
self.pos = pygame.Vector2(start)
step = pygame.Vector2(target) - self.pos
if step.length() == 0:
step = pygame.Vector2(1, 0)
self.velocity = step.normalize() * 7
self.damage = damage
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 10, 10)
self.rect.center = self.pos
def update(self):
self.pos += self.velocity
self.rect.center = self.pos
if not screen.get_rect().colliderect(self.rect):
self.kill()
class Gem(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, pos):
super().__init__()
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 24, 24)
self.rect.center = pos
self.rect.clamp_ip(courtyard)
self.pos = pygame.Vector2(self.rect.center)
def update(self, knight):
target = pygame.Vector2(knight.rect.center)
if self.pos.distance_to(target) < knight.magnet:
self.pos.move_towards_ip(target, 6)
self.rect.center = self.pos
class Night:
def __init__(self):
self.knight = Knight()
self.time = 0
self.monsters = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.bolts = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.bolt_timer = 0
self.spin = 0
self.gems = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.xp = 0
self.level = 1
self.need = 5
self.choices = []
self.pick = 0
self.state = "playing"
def wave(self):
return min(len(WAVES), self.time * len(WAVES) // NIGHT + 1)
def spawn(self):
wave = self.wave()
if self.time % max(16, 46 - wave * 5) == 0:
kind = random.choice(WAVES[wave - 1])
self.monsters.add(Monster(kind, edge_point()))
def nearest(self):
point = pygame.Vector2(self.knight.rect.center)
best = None
for monster in self.monsters:
if best is None or point.distance_to(monster.pos) < point.distance_to(best.pos):
best = monster
return best
def shoot(self):
self.bolt_timer += 1
target = self.nearest()
if self.bolt_timer >= self.knight.bolt_wait and target is not None:
self.bolt_timer = 0
bolt = Bolt(self.knight.rect.center, target.pos, self.knight.bolt_damage)
self.bolts.add(bolt)
def axe_spots(self):
spots = []
for i in range(self.knight.axes):
angle = self.spin + i * 360 / self.knight.axes
offset = pygame.Vector2(70, 0).rotate(angle)
spots.append(pygame.Vector2(self.knight.rect.center) + offset)
return spots
def hurt_monsters(self):
for bolt in self.bolts:
target = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(bolt, self.monsters)
if target is not None:
target.hit(bolt.damage)
bolt.kill()
for spot in self.axe_spots():
blade = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 36, 36)
blade.center = spot
for monster in self.monsters:
if monster.axe_wait == 0 and blade.colliderect(monster.rect):
monster.hit(1)
monster.axe_wait = 20
for monster in list(self.monsters):
if monster.hp <= 0:
monster.kill()
self.gems.add(Gem(monster.pos))
def collect(self):
for gem in pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self.knight, self.gems, True):
self.xp += 1
gem_sound.play()
if self.xp >= self.need:
self.xp -= self.need
self.level += 1
self.need += 4
self.choices = random.sample(list(UPGRADES), 3)
self.pick = 1
self.state = "levelup"
level_sound.play()
def upgrade(self, name):
knight = self.knight
if name == "Quick bolts":
knight.bolt_wait = max(8, knight.bolt_wait - 8)
elif name == "Sharp bolts":
knight.bolt_damage += 1
elif name == "Spinning axe":
knight.axes += 1
elif name == "Swift boots":
knight.speed += 1
elif name == "Gem magnet":
knight.magnet += 40
elif name == "Hearty meal":
knight.hearts = min(knight.max_hearts, knight.hearts + 1)
self.state = "playing"
def take_hits(self):
knight = self.knight
if knight.hurt > 0:
knight.hurt -= 1
elif pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(knight, self.monsters):
knight.hearts -= 1
knight.hurt = 75
hurt_sound.play()
if knight.hearts <= 0:
self.state = "lost"
def update(self, keys):
self.time += 1
self.spin = (self.spin + 4) % 360
self.knight.move(keys)
self.spawn()
self.monsters.update(self.knight.rect.center)
self.bolts.update()
self.gems.update(self.knight)
self.shoot()
self.hurt_monsters()
self.collect()
self.take_hits()
night = Night()
running = True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if night.state == "levelup":
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
night.pick = (night.pick - 1) % 3
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
night.pick = (night.pick + 1) % 3
elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
night.upgrade(night.choices[night.pick])
if night.state == "playing":
night.update(pygame.key.get_pressed())
screen.blit(background, (0, 0))
knight = night.knight
for gem in night.gems:
draw(gem_img, gem.rect.center)
for monster in night.monsters:
if monster.flash > 0:
draw(whiten(monster.image), monster.rect.center)
else:
draw(monster.image, monster.rect.center)
if knight.hurt % 10 < 5:
draw(knight.image, knight.rect.center)
for spot in night.axe_spots():
draw(pygame.transform.rotate(axe_img, -night.spin * 3), spot)
for bolt in night.bolts:
pygame.draw.circle(screen, BOLT, bolt.rect.center, 5)
for i in range(knight.max_hearts):
if i < knight.hearts:
screen.blit(heart_img, (8 + i * 34, 6))
else:
screen.blit(empty_img, (8 + i * 34, 6))
left = font.render(clock_text(max(0, NIGHT - night.time)) + " until dawn", True, WHITE)
screen.blit(left, left.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, 24)))
label = font.render(f"Level {night.level}", True, WHITE)
screen.blit(label, label.get_rect(topright=(WIDTH - 10, 4)))
pygame.draw.rect(screen, (40, 40, 60), (WIDTH - 160, 30, 150, 10))
pygame.draw.rect(screen, GOLD, (WIDTH - 160, 30, 150 * night.xp // night.need, 10))
if night.state == "levelup":
screen.blit(cover, (0, 0))
title = big_font.render("Level up! Pick one", True, GOLD)
screen.blit(title, title.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, 130)))
for i, name in enumerate(night.choices):
card = pygame.Rect(60 + i * 210, 190, 180, 120)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, (40, 40, 60), card)
if i == night.pick:
pygame.draw.rect(screen, GOLD, card, 4)
else:
pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE, card, 2)
text = font.render(name, True, WHITE)
screen.blit(text, text.get_rect(center=(card.centerx, card.y + 40)))
about = small_font.render(UPGRADES[name], True, WHITE)
screen.blit(about, about.get_rect(center=(card.centerx, card.y + 80)))
hint = font.render("Left and Right to choose, Space to take it", True, WHITE)
screen.blit(hint, hint.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, 360)))
if night.state == "lost":
message = big_font.render("The keep has fallen", True, WHITE)
screen.blit(message, message.get_rect(center=(WIDTH // 2, 200)))
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(60)
pygame.quit()
Pygameプロジェクト：城を守り抜こうのすべてのレッスン
自分で練習してみよう: Pygameプレイグラウンド